(Select all that apply): A nurse is providing care for a client with meningitis. What are the appropriate nursing interventions for this client? (Select all that apply)
Administering intravenous fluids.
Applying warm compresses to the forehead.
Providing dim lighting and minimizing noise.
Giving prophylactic antibiotics.
Monitoring vital signs and neurological status.
Correct Answer : A,C,D,E
Choice A rationale:
Administering intravenous fluids is an appropriate nursing intervention for a client with meningitis. Meningitis can cause dehydration due to fever, decreased oral intake, and increased fluid loss. IV fluids help maintain hydration and prevent complications.
Choice B rationale:
Applying warm compresses to the forehead is not a standard nursing intervention for meningitis. Fever is a common symptom of meningitis, and while comfort measures may be used to manage fever, warm compresses on the forehead are not specific to meningitis and may not be well-tolerated by some patients.
Choice C rationale:
Providing dim lighting and minimizing noise are appropriate nursing interventions for a client with meningitis. Meningitis can cause sensitivity to light and sound, and creating a calm and quiet environment can help reduce discomfort and promote healing.
Choice D rationale:
Giving prophylactic antibiotics is an appropriate nursing intervention for bacterial meningitis. Once the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is confirmed or suspected, antibiotics should be initiated promptly to control the infection and prevent complications.
Choice E rationale:
Monitoring vital signs and neurological status is crucial for a client with meningitis. Vital signs such as temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure should be closely monitored to assess for any signs of worsening condition or complications. Neurological assessments help identify changes in the client's mental status, reflexes, and cranial nerve function.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale:
Viral meningitis is usually transmitted through direct contact with respiratory droplets. It can also be spread through contact with fecal matter and other body fluids. In contrast, bacterial meningitis has multiple routes of transmission, including respiratory droplets, direct contact, and contaminated food or water.
Choice A rationale:
Ingestion of raw or undercooked snails or slugs is associated with a parasitic infection called "rat lungworm" and not viral meningitis.
Choice B rationale:
While the infected person can act as a vector for the spread of viral meningitis, the primary mode of transmission is through respiratory droplets and not the human body itself. The reservoir for viral meningitis is often human carriers, but it can also exist in other animals or environmental sources.
Choice C rationale:
Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae are bacterial pathogens that can cause bacterial meningitis, not viral meningitis.
Choice E rationale:
Viral meningitis is not caused by a fungus, and environmental sources are not the reservoirs for viral meningitis transmission. It is mainly transmitted from person to person.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) was a common cause of bacterial meningitis in the past, especially in children, but its incidence has significantly decreased due to the widespread use of the Hib vaccine.
Choice B rationale:
Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcal) can cause meningitis and is an important pathogen, but it is more commonly associated with meningitis in children and young adults.
Choice C rationale:
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcal) is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults. It is a gram-positive bacterium that can lead to severe infections, including pneumonia, meningitis, and bloodstream infections.
Choice D rationale:
Escherichia coli is a bacterial species typically associated with urinary tract infections and gastrointestinal illnesses. While it can rarely cause meningitis in certain populations, it is not the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in adults.
Choice E rationale:
Group B streptococcus is a significant cause of neonatal meningitis but is less commonly responsible for meningitis in adults.
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