The cartilage rings of the trachea (C rings) perform which vital function?
Produce surfactant for the alveoli
Move mucus towards the alveoli using their cilia
Perform external respiration between air and blood
Allow the trachea to always remain open for passage of air
The Correct Answer is D
A. Produce surfactant for the alveoli: Surfactant is produced by type II pneumocytes in the alveoli, not by tracheal cartilage.
B. Move mucus towards the alveoli using their cilia: Mucus is moved by ciliated epithelium (mucociliary escalator), not by cartilage rings.
C. Perform external respiration between air and blood: Gas exchange (external respiration) occurs in alveoli, not at the trachea.
D. Allow the trachea to always remain open for passage of air: The C-shaped cartilage rings provide rigid structural support and prevent tracheal collapse while allowing the posterior tracheal wall to flex -this maintains an open airway.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Pap Smear:The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screens cervical cells for precancerous changes (dysplasia) and is the standard test for early detection of cervical cancer.
B. BRCA test: BRCA genetic tests assess hereditary breast/ovarian cancer risk (BRCA1/2), not cervical cancer screening.
C. ELISA test: ELISA is a lab technique for detecting antibodies/antigens (used in many contexts, e.g., HIV testing) but is not a routine screening test for cervical cancer.
D. Mammogram:A mammogram is an imaging test used to screen for breast cancer, not cervical cancer.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. From the lower esophageal sphincter to the duodenum: That describes sections of the lower GI (distal esophagus → stomach → duodenum), not the pharynx.
B. From the mucous membranes of the mouth to the tongue: This describes parts of the oral cavity; the pharynx is posterior to the oral cavity and includes nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
C. From the oral and nasal cavities to the esophagus and larynx openings: The pharynx connects the nasal and oral cavities above to the openings of the esophagus and larynx below (nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx).
D. From the oral and nasal cavities through the diaphragm to the abdomen: That would include the esophagus and thoracoabdominal passage through the diaphragm; the pharynx does not extend through the diaphragm.
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