The factors that affect the process of labor and birth, known commonly as the five Ps, include all except:

Powers.

Passenger.

Pressure.

Passageway.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Uterine contractions (powers) are essential for cervical dilation and fetal descent. They are involuntary smooth muscle contractions regulated by oxytocin and prostaglandins.
Choice B rationale
The fetus (passenger) significantly influences labor progression. Fetal size, position, and presentation affect the ease of passage through the birth canal.
Choice C rationale
Pressure is not considered one of the five Ps affecting labor and birth. The five Ps are powers, passenger, passageway, position, and psychological response.
Choice D rationale
The birth canal (passageway) includes the bony pelvis and soft tissues, which must adapt to allow the fetus to pass through during labor.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Pitocin is used for augmentation of labor to increase uterine contractions' frequency and strength, enhancing labor progression in cases where labor is slow or stalled.
Choice B rationale
Pitocin does not increase prolactin receptor sites; instead, it focuses on enhancing uterine contractions during labor and addressing postpartum hemorrhage.
Choice C rationale
Pitocin is used for induction of labor to stimulate uterine contractions and initiate labor in women who need medical intervention for various reasons.
Choice D rationale
Pitocin helps decrease bleeding after delivery by promoting uterine contractions, which aid in reducing postpartum hemorrhage and expelling the placenta.

A. Are caused by umbilical cord compression. B. Are caused by placental uterine insufficiency. C. Are a positive sign of fetal well-being. D. Are an ominous sign and warrant close observation.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Umbilical cord compression typically causes variable decelerations in fetal heart rate, not accelerations. Accelerations are not related to cord compression but rather to other factors.
Choice B rationale
Placental uterine insufficiency leads to late decelerations rather than accelerations in fetal heart rate. Accelerations indicate adequate oxygenation, whereas insufficiency impairs fetal oxygenation.
Choice C rationale
Accelerations with fetal movement are a positive sign, indicating the fetus's well-being and appropriate response to stimuli. Normal accelerations last for at least 15 seconds and rise by 15 beats per minute.
Choice D rationale
Ominous signs in fetal monitoring include persistent late decelerations, severe bradycardia, and prolonged decelerations. Accelerations, however, are reassuring and do not warrant concern.

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The factors that affect the process of labor and birth, known commonly as the five Ps, include all except:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Pitocin is used for which of the following reasons in the L&D unit: (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]

Explanation

When providing care for the laboring woman should understand that accelerations with fetal movement:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse caring for the laboring woman should know that meconium is produced by:

The nurse caring for a client in labor observes the external fetal monitor tracing showing that there are accelerations with moderate variability. Which of the following actions is most appropriate?

A woman at 40 weeks gestation calls the labor unit to see whether or not she should go to the hospital to be evaluated. Which of the following statements by the woman indicates that she is probably in labor and should proceed to the hospital?

A new father wants to know what medication was put into his infant’s eyes and why it is needed. How does the nurse explain the purpose of the erythromycin ophthalmic ointment?

A woman is in the second stage of labor with a strong urge to push. Which of the following actions by the nurse is appropriate at this time?

The most common cause of decreased variability in the FHR that lasts 20 minutes or less is:

A pregnant client at 22 weeks’ gestation has a hematocrit of 35%. Pre-pregnancy hematocrit was 40%. Which of the following statements by the nurse best explains this change?

A woman who is 14 weeks pregnant tells the nurse that she always had a glass of wine with dinner before she became pregnant. She has abstained during her first trimester and would like to know if it is safe for her to have a drink with dinner now. The nurse would tell her: