The urinary system contributes to homeostasis through several roles which include: (Select all that apply)
Final synthesis step of vitamin K production
Filters the blood, removing wastes
Regulates the pH of the body
Excretion of wastes
Correct Answer : B,C,D
A. Final synthesis step of vitamin K production: The final (and major) synthesis of vitamin K is by gut bacteria and liver processes; the urinary system (kidneys) is not the final synthesis site for vitamin K .
B. Filters the blood, removing wastes: The kidneys filter blood plasma (glomerular filtration) to remove metabolic wastes and excess substances .
C. Regulates the pH of the body: The kidneys conserve or excrete H⁺ and bicarbonate and so play a central role in acid–base balance .
D. Excretion of wastes: By forming urine and eliminating nitrogenous wastes and excess electrolytes/fluid, the urinary system excretes metabolic wastes .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Chief cells: Chief (zymogenic) cells secrete pepsinogen (precursor to pepsin) and some gastric lipase -not HCl or intrinsic factor.
B. Parietal cells: Parietal cells (oxyntic cells) secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) and intrinsic factor (necessary for B12 absorption).
C. Mucous neck cells: Mucous neck cells produce mucus (and some protective secretions) to protect the stomach lining -not HCl/intrinsic factor.
D. Enteroendocrine cells: Enteroendocrine cells release hormones (e.g., gastrin, somatostatin) that regulate digestion -do not secrete HCl or intrinsic factor directly.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Diffusion of gas does not depend on the partial pressure gradient: Incorrect -gas diffusion across membranes depends on partial pressure gradients (and membrane properties).
B. Gas diffuses from high partial pressure to low partial pressure: Correct -diffusion follows the partial pressure gradient (for example O₂ moves from alveoli where PO₂ is higher into blood where PO₂ is lower).
C. Gas diffuses from low partial pressure to high partial pressure: Incorrect -that direction would require active transport; gases passively diffuse down their gradients.
D. Equilibrium can be reached without partial pressure gradient: Incorrect -equilibrium is reached when partial pressures equalize; without a gradient diffusion won’t proceed.
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