The most life-threatening effect of renal failure is:
hyperkalemia
hypokalemia
hypernatremia
hyponatremia
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hyperkalemia: Hyperkalemia is the most life-threatening effect of renal failure because elevated potassium levels can cause dangerous cardiac arrhythmias or cardiac arrest.
B. Hypokalemia: Hypokalemia is not commonly associated with renal failure and is less immediately life-threatening than hyperkalemia.
C. Hypernatremia: While fluid imbalances can lead to hypernatremia, it is less critical than hyperkalemia in renal failure.
D. Hyponatremia: Although hyponatremia can occur in renal failure, its effects are typically less acutely life-threatening than hyperkalemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Introduction of pathogens into the bladder: Repeated catheterizations significantly increase the risk of introducing pathogens, leading to urinary tract infections.
B. Frequent genital exposure of the patient: While exposure may be uncomfortable for the patient, it is not the greatest concern.
C. Presence of the indwelling catheter: This question refers to frequent catheterizations, not an indwelling catheter, though both carry infection risks.
D. Causing urethral erosion: Urethral trauma can occur but is less concerning than infection.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Hypertension as a result of the increased, concentrated blood volume: Hypertension in chronic kidney disease is due to fluid overload and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, not erythropoietin deficiency.
B. Elevated lipid levels in the bloodstream, contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis: Dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease is unrelated to erythropoietin deficiency.
C. Anemia as a result of the diminished number of red blood cells being produced: Erythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production; its deficiency in chronic renal failure leads to anemia.
D. Diminished immunologic function with fewer white blood cells: White blood cell production is not directly affected by erythropoietin deficiency.
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