The nurse educator is reviewing the functions of insulin with a group of new graduate nurses. She asks the nurses what the primary function of insulin is. The nurses should respond that insulin
converts glycogen to glucose
stimulates the breakdown of adipose tissue
stimulates active transport of glucose into muscle and adipose tissue cells
increases the breakdown of protein into amino acids
The Correct Answer is C
A. Converts glycogen to glucose: The process of converting glycogen to glucose is known as glycogenolysis, and it occurs in the liver. This is actually stimulated by glucagon, not insulin. Insulin works to lower blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake.
B. Stimulates the breakdown of adipose tissue: Insulin actually prevents the breakdown of adipose tissue. It promotes fat storage by inhibiting lipolysis (fat breakdown). It is glucagon and other hormones that stimulate fat breakdown during fasting states.
C. Stimulates active transport of glucose into muscle and adipose tissue cells: The primary function of insulin is to facilitate the uptake of glucose into muscle and adipose tissue cells by stimulating glucose transporters on the cell membrane. This helps lower blood glucose levels.
D. Increases the breakdown of protein into amino acids: Insulin has an anabolic effect on protein metabolism, meaning it promotes protein synthesis and inhibits the breakdown of proteins into amino acids. Glucagon is more involved in protein catabolism during fasting states.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["200"]
Explanation
Total volume to be infused = 100 mL.
Infusion time in minutes = 30 minutes.
- Convert the infusion time from minutes to hours.
Infusion time in hours = 30 minutes / 60 minutes/hour
= 0.5 hours.
- Calculate the flow rate in milliliters per hour (mL/hr).
Flow rate (mL/hr) = Total volume (mL) / Infusion time (hr)
= 100 mL / 0.5 hr
= 200 mL/hr.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hyperglycemia occurring on "sick days": Glucagon is not used to treat hyperglycemia. During "sick days," clients with diabetes may experience elevated blood glucose levels, but glucagon is not for managing hyperglycemia. Instead, insulin adjustments are made.
B. Diabetic ketoacidosis: Glucagon is not used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a severe complication of diabetes often caused by insulin deficiency, and it requires insulin therapy and fluid management to correct the underlying issues.
C. Hyperglycemia from insufficient insulin: Glucagon is not used for hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin. The treatment for this condition is typically insulin therapy to lower blood glucose levels.
D. Hypoglycemia from insulin overdose: Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia caused by an insulin overdose, as it helps to raise blood glucose levels quickly by stimulating the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream. It is essential for managing severe hypoglycemia.
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