The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with delirium. Which of the following should be the priority for treatment?

Identifying the underlying cause.

Keeping the environment quiet.

Reorienting the client often.

Monitoring nutritional intake.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The priority for treating delirium is to identify and address the underlying cause. Delirium is often a symptom of an acute condition such as infection, metabolic disturbances, medication side effects, or other physical issues. Treating the root cause of delirium can help resolve the condition more effectively.
B. While creating a calm, quiet environment can help reduce confusion and agitation, it is not the most critical aspect of treatment. The main focus should be on addressing the cause of the delirium.
C. Reorienting the client is important for safety and reducing confusion, but it will not be sufficient to resolve the delirium if the underlying cause is not addressed. Reorientation is a supportive measure, not the priority intervention.
D. Although monitoring nutrition is important for overall health, it is not the first priority in treating delirium unless malnutrition is identified as a contributing factor to the delirium.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Carbidopa does not directly prevent dyskinesia. Dyskinesia is often a side effect of long-term levodopa therapy. Carbidopa’s role is to help optimize the effectiveness of levodopa and reduce side effects, but it does not specifically prevent dyskinesia.
B. The combination of levodopa and carbidopa does not prevent drug tolerance. Drug tolerance refers to the reduced effect of a drug over time, and while the combination may help with optimal absorption and effectiveness, it doesn't directly address tolerance.
C. While carbidopa helps reduce some side effects (such as nausea and vomiting) by preventing the peripheral breakdown of levodopa, the primary purpose of combining the two drugs is not solely to prevent side effects but to improve levodopa's effectiveness and absorption in the brain.
D. Carbidopa inhibits the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) in the peripheral tissues, preventing the premature breakdown (metabolism) of levodopa into dopamine before it reaches the brain. This allows more levodopa to enter the brain and be converted into dopamine, enhancing the therapeutic effect for Parkinson's disease.

A. Decreased nervousness B. Sore throat and increased ecchymosis C. Heart rate greater than 60 and less than 100 beats/min D. Reduced tremor

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decreased nervousness might be a result of effective treatment for hyperthyroidism, but it is not the most critical symptom to assess in relation to propylthiouracil (PTU) therapy.
B. Sore throat and increased ecchymosis Propylthiouracil (PTU) can cause serious side effects, including agranulocytosis (a severe decrease in white blood cells), which can result in sore throat, fever, and increased bruising or ecchymosis. These symptoms suggest a possible infection or bleeding disorder and should be promptly assessed and reported to a healthcare provider.
C. Heart rate greater than 60 and less than 100 beats/min PTU is used to treat hyperthyroidism, which can cause an elevated heart rate. A heart rate between 60 and 100 beats per minute is generally within normal limits and does not specifically warrant further assessment in this case.
D. A reduced tremor may be a positive sign of treatment effectiveness, as tremors are common in hyperthyroidism. However, this does not necessitate further assessment related to PTU therapy, unlike more serious side effects such as agranulocytosis.

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The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with delirium. Which of the following should be the priority for treatment?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands the client is on both levodopa and carbidopa for which of the following reasons?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a client taking prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU) therapy. What should the nurse further assess?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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