The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client with diabetes mellitus, type 2 who has polyuria. Which of the following laboratory findings would be important to monitor?
Serum potassium
Serum magnesium
Serum calcium
Serum chloride
The Correct Answer is A
A. Polyuria, a common symptom in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, can lead to excessive urinary loss of potassium, increasing the risk of hypokalemia. Monitoring serum potassium is crucial because imbalances can affect cardiac and muscle function.
B. While magnesium is important, it is not the primary concern in the context of polyuria related to diabetes unless specific symptoms or complications suggest a deficiency.
C. Calcium is not as directly affected by polyuria from diabetes as potassium is.
D. Chloride levels may fluctuate with fluid loss, but potassium remains the more critical electrolyte to monitor in this scenario.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Taking naproxen with food can reduce gastrointestinal upset, but this does not address its potential harm during pregnancy.
B. Acetaminophen is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but aspirin and caffeine compounds may carry risks and should not be recommended without provider guidance.
C. Instruct the client to stop taking the medication and speak with the health care provider is correct. Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is generally not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, due to potential risks such as premature closure of the ductus arteriosus and impaired fetal renal function. The client should stop taking the medication and consult with the provider for safer alternatives.
D. Increasing the dose of a potentially harmful medication during pregnancy is inappropriate and could increase risk to the fetus.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. This action is not appropriate unless the client is in cardiac arrest. The client is unconscious but not necessarily in need of compressions based on the symptoms described.
B. While the sternal rub can be used to assess for a response, it is not the best intervention in this situation. If the client is unconscious and showing signs of hypoglycemia, immediate treatment should focus on addressing the cause (low blood sugar) rather than trying to arouse the client.
C. While providing a fast-acting carbohydrate is appropriate for mild hypoglycemia, the client has lost consciousness, which indicates a more severe level of hypoglycemia. In this case, injectable glucagon is the preferred intervention to raise the client's blood sugar quickly.
D. The client’s symptoms (headache, nausea, diaphoresis, loss of consciousness) suggest hypoglycemia. When a client loses consciousness, injectable glucagon should be administered to rapidly raise blood sugar levels. If the client is conscious later, oral carbohydrates can be given, but in this case, injectable glucagon is the immediate priority.
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