The nurse is admitting an older adult client with possible malnutrition. Which parameters are most indicative of the client's nutritional status?

Twenty-four hour food recall, preferences, and allergies.

Body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level.

Weight loss history and body surface area (BSA).

Triceps skin fold and mid-arm circumference.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Twenty-four hour food recall, preferences, and allergies. While these can provide useful

information about the client’s dietary habits and potential issues, they do not directly measure nutritional status.
B.   Body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level. BMI gives an indication of body weight relative to height, and serum albumin is a key indicator of protein status and overall nutritional health. Together, they are strong indicators of nutritional status.
C.   Weight loss history and body surface area (BSA). Weight loss history is important, but BSA is not typically used to assess nutritional status.
D.   Triceps skin fold and mid-arm circumference. These measurements assess body fat and muscle mass, which are useful, but BMI and serum albumin provide a more comprehensive picture of overall nutritional status.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Taco salad, refried beans, low-fat ice cream, and coffee. This meal may contain high levels of sodium, particularly in the taco salad and refried beans, which could exacerbate the client's
elevated serum sodium level.

B. Canned cream of mushroom soup, tuna salad, and water. This meal likely has a lower sodium content compared to the other options, as long as the canned cream of mushroom soup is chosen with a low-sodium option. Tuna salad can be prepared with low-sodium ingredients, and water is sodium-free.
C. Chicken salad on toast, fruit-flavored yogurt, and iced tea. Chicken salad and fruit-flavored yogurt can contain hidden sources of sodium, especially if they are commercially prepared or contain added sauces or flavorings. Iced tea may also contain sodium, depending on how it is prepared.
D. Bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich, grapes, and skim milk. Bacon is typically high in sodium, which would not be advisable for someone with elevated serum sodium levels. Skim milk and grapes are generally low in sodium, but the sandwich could significantly contribute to the client's sodium intake.

A. Low residue diet. B. Mechanical soft diet. C. Pureed regular diet. D. High protein soft diet.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Low residue diet. This diet is designed to reduce the amount of indigestible material in the digestive tract, which is helpful for certain gastrointestinal conditions but not specifically for managing weight loss and stomatitis in chemotherapy patients.
B. Mechanical soft diet. While this diet includes foods that are easier to chew, it might not provide the necessary high protein content needed for someone who is significantly underweight and has increased nutritional needs due to chemotherapy.
C. Pureed regular diet. This diet consists of pureed foods that are easy to swallow, which is beneficial for those with severe difficulty chewing or swallowing, but it might not provide enough variety or appeal to encourage adequate intake in someone with stomatitis.
D. High protein soft diet. This diet includes soft foods that are easy to chew and swallow, making it suitable for someone with stomatitis. Additionally, it focuses on high protein content, which is essential for tissue repair and maintaining muscle mass, especially important for a client who has lost a significant amount of weight due to chemotherapy.

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The nurse is admitting an older adult client with possible malnutrition. Which parameters are most indicative of the client's nutritional status?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client has a serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L (155 mmol/L). The nurse should encourage the client to make which selection from the lunch menu? Reference Range: Sodium [136 to 145 mEq/L (136 to 145 mmol/L)]

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client who is receiving antineoplastic chemotherapy has lost 25% of total body weight and is having difficulty eating because of stomatitis. In planning care for this client, which diet should the nurse recommend?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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