The nurse is assessing an older adult client for the second time this week. The client reports a decreased energy level, insomnia, and anorexia. Diagnostic tests are within the expected reference ranges. For which of the following conditions should the nurse screen the client?
Dementia
Sarcopenia
Depression
Diabetes
The Correct Answer is C
A. Dementia: Usually presents with memory loss and cognitive decline, not primarily with low energy, insomnia, or anorexia.
B. Sarcopenia: This is muscle mass loss, which may cause weakness but is not associated with insomnia or anorexia.
C. Depression: In older adults, depression often presents with physical complaints like low energy, sleep disturbances, and appetite loss, even when labs are normal.
D. Diabetes: May cause fatigue, but typically includes additional findings like polyuria, polydipsia, and abnormal labs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Reduced blood flow through the liver
Decreases the liver’s ability to metabolize drugs, leading to prolonged drug action or toxicity.
B. Decreased body water
Affects drug distribution, especially water-soluble drugs, but not inactivation directly.
C. Decreased liver size
Smaller liver has less functional tissue, reducing metabolic capacity for drug inactivation.
D. Reduced liver enzyme activity
Enzymes involved in drug metabolism are less active, delaying inactivation.
E. Decreased renal function
Affects elimination of drugs and prolongs drug action, especially those excreted unchanged by kidneys.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Elevation of urine specific gravity
This may indicate concentration of urine due to dehydration but is not an expected age-related change.
B. Dry oral mucus membranes
Could suggest dehydration but not an expected normal change; should be evaluated.
C. Poor skin turgor over the sternum
Skin elasticity declines with age, but this makes turgor a less reliable indicator, not necessarily a normal sign of dehydration.
D. Decreased creatinine clearance
Normal with aging due to reduced renal function, even if serum creatinine appears normal due to lower muscle mass.
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