The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of a group of clients in a long term care facility. Which pathophysiological process poses the highest risk for malnutrition in this population?
Crohn's disease.
Gastroesophageal reflux.
Cholecystitis.
Diverticulosis.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Crohn's disease. Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects nutrient absorption, leading to malnutrition. It can cause diarrhea, abdominal pain, and intestinal damage, reducing the body's ability to absorb essential nutrients such as proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Clients may also have anorexia and weight loss due to inflammation and malabsorption.
B. Gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can cause discomfort and lead to dietary modifications, but it does not directly cause severe malnutrition. Clients may avoid certain foods, but overall nutrient absorption remains intact.
C. Cholecystitis. Cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) primarily affects fat digestion. While clients may experience discomfort with fatty foods, it does not typically lead to widespread malnutrition.
D. Diverticulosis. Diverticulosis is usually asymptomatic and does not impair nutrient absorption. While dietary fiber intake is important to prevent complications like diverticulitis, this condition does not pose a high risk for malnutrition compared to Crohn’s disease.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Thyroxine (T4). Congenital hypothyroidism is diagnosed by measuring low levels of thyroxine (T4) and elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Infants with hypothyroidism have delayed metabolism, poor growth, and developmental delays. Reporting low T4 levels is critical for early treatment with levothyroxine to prevent intellectual disability and growth impairment.
B. Growth hormone (GH) levels. While GH is important for growth, it is not the primary diagnostic test for congenital hypothyroidism. GH deficiency is a separate endocrine disorder.
C. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. FSH is involved in reproductive development and is not relevant for diagnosing hypothyroidism in an infant.
D. Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. LH plays a role in pubertal development and reproductive function, but it is not used to diagnose congenital hypothyroidism.
Correct Answer is B,D,C,A
Explanation
- Inspect head for trauma. Head injuries can be life-threatening, so the nurse must first assess for signs of skull fractures, concussions, or intracranial bleeding that could explain the headache.
- Perform a neurological exam. If head trauma is suspected, a neurological exam is essential to assess for altered mental status, coordination deficits, or signs of increased intracranial pressure.
- Evaluate range of motion of all joints. After ruling out life-threatening conditions, the nurse should assess for musculoskeletal injuries, fractures, or soft tissue damage from physical abuse.
- Provide a safety plan to prevent further violence. Once the client is medically stable, the nurse should provide resources, assess risk for further harm, and develop a safety plan to prevent future abuse.
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