The nurse is caring for a 45-year-old female patient with a strong family history of breast cancer. What does the nurse teach the patient regarding cancer prevention?

Have a clinical breast examination every 3 years.

Have a mammogram every 5 years.

Have an annual clinical breast examination.

Have a mammogram every 3 years.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Clinical breast examination (CBE) should be done annually for women at higher risk, not every 3 years.
B. Mammograms are generally recommended every year starting at age 40 for women at average risk. For those with a strong family history of breast cancer, earlier and more frequent screening may be advised.
C. An annual clinical breast examination (CBE) is recommended for women, especially those with a higher risk of breast cancer, such as a family history. This allows healthcare providers to check for any abnormalities in the breasts.
D. Mammograms every 3 years are generally not sufficient for women at higher risk; they should start annual mammograms at age 40, or possibly earlier based on family history or genetic factors.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Alpha cells produce glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels, but their destruction is not the primary cause of hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes. The main issue is the destruction of beta cells, which are responsible for insulin production.
B. Delta cells produce somatostatin, which regulates the release of insulin and glucagon, but their destruction does not directly cause type 1 diabetes.
C. Type 1 diabetes mellitus occurs due to autoimmune destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. This leads to a lack of insulin production and results in hyperglycemia.
D. In type 1 diabetes, beta cells are destroyed, so they no longer need help producing insulin; they cannot produce insulin at all

A. Recent use of antibiotics B. Prolonged rehabilitation unit stay C. Current intensive care unit stay D. Recent surgical procedure

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Recent use of antibiotics is the greatest risk factor for developing C. difficile infection. Antibiotics disrupt the normal gut flora, allowing C. difficile to overgrow and produce toxins that cause severe diarrhea and colitis.
B. Prolonged rehabilitation stays can increase exposure to hospital-acquired infections but are not as strongly associated with C. difficile as antibiotic use.
C. Staying in the ICU can increase the risk for various infections, but it’s the antibiotic use commonly associated with ICU care that elevates C. difficile risk—not the ICU stay itself.
D. Recent surgery may raise infection risk in general, but it is not as specifically linked to C. difficile as antibiotic therapy is.

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The nurse is caring for a 45-year-old female patient with a strong family history of breast cancer. What does the nurse teach the patient regarding cancer prevention?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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