The nurse is caring for a newborn diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. What assessment findings would be consistent with this diagnosis? (Select All that Apply.)

A. Keep the newborn in a well-lit nursery: A well-lit nursery can overstimulate a preterm newborn. Preterm infants benefit more from a dim, quiet environment that mimics the womb.
B. Cluster the newborn's care activities: This helps minimize disruptions to the newborn’s rest periods, which is crucial for their growth and neurodevelopment. Clustering care reduces stress and promotes better sleep cycles.
C. Position the newborn to promote extension of muscles: Preterm infants generally benefit from a flexed position, which is more comforting and developmentally appropriate, rather than promoting muscle extension.
D. Use fingertips when calming the newborn: Using fingertips might be too stimulating for a preterm newborn. Instead, a gentle, whole-hand touch is often more comforting and less likely to cause overstimulation.

A. I perform a range of motion exercises every 4 hours to help prevent contractures. This helps prevent the tightening of muscles and joints, reducing the risk of contractures common in spastic cerebral palsy.
B. I make sure that I use toys and activities that are appropriate for my child's chronological age. While important, this does not specifically address the care needs related to spastic cerebral palsy.
C. I have utensils with large, padded handles to make it easier for my child to feed himself. Adaptive utensils promote independence in self-care activities.
D. I play games with my child every day to keep them as independent as possible. Engaging in activities that promote independence and social interaction is beneficial for children with cerebral palsy.
E. I give my child carbidopa so that he will stop drooling. Medications like carbidopa are not typically used to manage drooling associated with cerebral palsy and are not a primary care measure.