The nurse is caring for a school-age child with varicella. What should the nurse observe about the rash that is associated with this infection?
Dark red, macular lesions, and very pruritic
Various stages of lesions present at the same time, appear in successive crops, and very pruritic
Yellowish, scaly patches present on the scalp
A pink maculopapular rash starts at the hairline and spreads down the body
The Correct Answer is D
A. Dark red, macular lesions, and very pruritic:
Varicella lesions are typically pink or red and start as macules (flat, red spots) that develop into papules (raised bumps) and then vesicles (fluid-filled blisters). Dark red macular lesions are not commonly associated with varicella.
B. Various stages of lesions present at the same time, appear in successive crops, and very pruritic:
The presence of various stages of lesions (papules, vesicles, crusts) simultaneously, occurring in successive crops, and being intensely itchy are typical features of varicella.
C. Yellowish, scaly patches present on the scalp:
Yellowish, scaly patches on the scalp are not typical of varicella. This description is more indicative of conditions like seborrheic dermatitis rather than the rash associated with chickenpox.
D. A pink maculopapular rash starts at the hairline and spreads down the body.
Varicella rash usually begins as pink or red spots that develop into small, itchy, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles). These vesicles can then progress to form crusts and scabs. The rash often starts on the face, scalp, or trunk and then spreads to other parts of the body, gradually covering the entire body.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The mother opens the capsule and some medication spills on the fingers:
Pancreatic enzymes are usually taken intact, and their contents are meant to be sprinkled on soft food, not opened and spilled. This observation suggests a misunderstanding of the proper administration.
B. The child takes a dose before having an afternoon snack.
In cystic fibrosis, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is commonly used to help digest and absorb nutrients. The enzymes are typically taken with meals and snacks to aid in the digestion of food.
C. The child chews an enteric form of the medication:
Pancreatic enzymes are usually enteric-coated to protect them from stomach acid, and they are not meant to be chewed. Chewing can reduce their effectiveness. This observation indicates a need for clarification on administration.
D. The father tells the child that diarrhea is expected with this medication:
While gastrointestinal side effects can occur with pancreatic enzyme use, persistent diarrhea may indicate a dosage issue or other problems. It's important to address this with the healthcare provider. The statement suggests a potential misunderstanding or need for clarification.
Correct Answer is ["25"]
Explanation
To calculate the drops per minute for an IV infusion, we need to use the following formula:
gtt/min = (volume x drop factor) / time
In this case, the volume is 50 mL, the drop factor is 20 gtt/mL, and the time is 40 minutes. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
gtt/min = (50 x 20) / 40
gtt/min = 1000 / 40
gtt/min = 25
Therefore, the adolescent patient should receive 25 drops per minute of Cefazolin IV.
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