The nurse is caring for an older adult who is receiving diphenoxylate with atropine to treat severe diarrhea. The nurse will monitor this patient closely for which effect?

Bradycardia

Fluid retention

Nervousness and tremors

Respiratory depression

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Bradycardia

Bradycardia is not a common side effect of diphenoxylate with atropine. Atropine, which is included in the combination, has anticholinergic effects that can lead to an increased heart rate (tachycardia), not bradycardia.

B. Fluid retention

Fluid retention is not a common side effect of diphenoxylate with atropine. In fact, the medication is used to treat severe diarrhea, and the goal is to decrease fluid loss associated with diarrhea rather than causing fluid retention.

C. Nervousness and tremors

Nervousness and tremors are not common side effects of diphenoxylate with atropine. Atropine's anticholinergic effects may cause nervousness, but these effects are generally not prominent at therapeutic doses.

D. Respiratory depression

This is the correct choice. Respiratory depression is a potential side effect of diphenoxylate with atropine, particularly if the medication is misused or taken in excessive amounts. Atropine is included in the combination to discourage misuse, as it can cause unpleasant anticholinergic effects.

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Correct Answer is ["3"]

Explanation

To calculate the dosage of furosemide (Lasix), a diuretic medication, you need to divide the ordered amount by the tablet strength.

In this case, the ordered amount is 120 mg and the tablet strength is 40 mg.

Therefore, you need to divide 120 by 40, which gives you 3.

This means you would administer 3 tablets of furosemide (Lasix) to the patient.

A. Decreased ascites B. Decreased ammonia level C. Decreased jaundice D. Decreased blood pressure,

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Decreased ascites

Ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity) is more directly related to portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis. While lactulose may contribute to fluid balance, its primary therapeutic effect in hepatic encephalopathy is the reduction of ammonia levels.

B. Decreased ammonia level

Lactulose is a medication commonly used in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy, a condition associated with liver disease. The therapeutic effect of lactulose in this context is to reduce blood ammonia levels. Lactulose works by promoting the excretion of ammonia in the form of ammonium ions in the colon, thereby lowering ammonia concentrations in the blood.

C. Decreased jaundice

Jaundice is often associated with liver dysfunction, but lactulose is not primarily used to address jaundice. Its primary role in liver disease is in the management of hepatic encephalopathy.

D. Decreased blood pressure

Blood pressure is not a direct therapeutic target of lactulose in the context of liver disease. Lactulose's primary therapeutic effect is related to reducing ammonia levels and managing hepatic encephalopathy.

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The nurse is caring for an older adult who is receiving diphenoxylate with atropine to treat severe diarrhea. The nurse will monitor this patient closely for which effect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The physician writes an order for furosemide (Lasix) 120 mg. Each table contains 40 mg. How many tablets would you administer?

Correct Answer is ["3"]

Explanation

Lactulose is ordered for a patient with liver disease. What would indicate the medication is exerting a positive therapeutic effect on the patient?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient with a complicated medical history including hypertension, a-fib, and arthritis calls the health care provider's office to speak with a nurse about "all of these bruises I have all of a sudden." Which potential drug interaction should concern the nurse with these symptoms?

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