The nurse is caring for the client with massive blood loss from a gunshot wound, and type-specific blood is currently not available for transfusion. With little time to spare, which blood type does the nurse infuse?

Type A+

Type A/B-

Type O-

Type B+

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Type A+: Type A+ blood contains A antigens and Rh factor, which can trigger an immune response in individuals with incompatible blood types. It cannot be universally given in emergencies without typing.
B. Type A/B-: Type AB- contains both A and B antigens. AB is the universal recipient, not donor, and can cause severe transfusion reactions if given to someone with different blood type antibodies.
C. Type O-: O-negative blood is the universal donor for red blood cells because it lacks A, B, and Rh antigens. It minimizes the risk of transfusion reactions and is the safest choice when blood typing cannot be confirmed.
D. Type B+: Type B+ contains B antigens and the Rh factor, making it unsafe for recipients with type A or O blood. It is not suitable for emergency transfusions without matching.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Bladder trauma: Bladder injuries are more commonly associated with lower abdominal or pelvic trauma, especially from a direct blow or pelvic fracture, not chest compression.
B. A pleural effusion: Pleural effusion refers to fluid accumulation in the pleural space, usually from infection, malignancy, or inflammation. It does not occur suddenly from blunt chest trauma.
C. Fractured pelvis: A pelvic fracture is typically caused by impact to the lower body or hip area, not by forceful chest compression against a steering wheel.
D. Cardiac tamponade: Blunt chest trauma can lead to bleeding into the pericardial sac, causing cardiac tamponade. This is a life-threatening condition where fluid compresses the heart, impairing its ability to pump effectively. It is a likely concern in cases of severe chest impact.

A. Strengthen venous valves B. Improve venous return C. Improve arterial flow D. Increase venous congestion

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Strengthen venous valves: Damaged or weakened venous valves cannot be physically strengthened through exercise or compression. Management focuses on symptom relief and preventing progression rather than structural repair.
B. Improve venous return: Exercise, elevation, and compression stockings all assist in promoting blood flow back to the heart. These measures reduce venous stasis and swelling, improving circulation in clients with venous insufficiency.
C. Improve arterial flow: This regimen targets the venous system rather than arterial circulation. Arterial flow is typically addressed through interventions like vasodilators, smoking cessation, and walking programs for peripheral artery disease.
D. Increase venous congestion: This regimen is designed to reduce, not increase, venous congestion. Elevation and compression help counteract pooling of blood in the lower extremities, a hallmark of venous insufficiency.

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The nurse is caring for the client with massive blood loss from a gunshot wound, and type-specific blood is currently not available for transfusion. With little time to spare, which blood type does the nurse infuse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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