The nurse is visiting an older adult client who is homebound. Which finding about the client's nutritional status requires additional follow- up?

Continues to take a prescribed vitamin D supplement.

Usually eats an additional serving of protein rich foods daily.

Takes 1200 mg of an over-the-counter calcium supplement daily.

Ate approximately 1,200 calories daily for the past two weeks.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Continues to take a prescribed vitamin D supplement. Vitamin D supplementation is recommended for older adults to support bone health and calcium absorption. This does not require additional follow-up.
B. Usually eats an additional serving of protein-rich foods daily. Adequate protein intake is essential for muscle maintenance and overall health in older adults. This is a positive nutritional habit and does not indicate a concern.
C. Takes 1200 mg of an over-the-counter calcium supplement daily. This is within the recommended daily intake for older adults (1,000-1,200 mg/day) to maintain bone health. Excess calcium intake should be monitored, but this amount alone does not require urgent follow-up.
D. Ate approximately 1,200 calories daily for the past two weeks. Older adults typically need at least 1,500-2,000 calories per day, depending on activity level and health conditions. A prolonged intake of only 1,200 calories per day may indicate malnutrition, unintentional weight loss, or inadequate nutrient intake, requiring further evaluation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Staphylococcus aureus abscess around a hair follicle. A furuncle, or boil, is a deep infection of a hair follicle caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It presents as a painful, pus-filled nodule due to bacterial invasion and inflammation. Poor hygiene, friction, or immune suppression can increase susceptibility.
B. Insect or spider bite that becomes infected. While insect bites can introduce bacteria into the skin, they do not directly cause furuncles. Secondary infection may occur, but furuncles specifically arise from infected hair follicles, not bites.
C. Sexual contact with an infected partner. Furuncles are not sexually transmitted infections. While skin-to-skin contact can spread Staphylococcus aureus, furuncles are not a direct result of sexual activity.
D. Inadequate blood supply to the area. Poor circulation can impair wound healing and increase infection risk, but furuncles result from bacterial infection of a hair follicle rather than ischemia.

A. It is the main structural component of the dermis which provides strength and elasticity. B. It increases skin elasticity with the aging process. C. It forms the ridges and valleys which provide traction for grasping objects and surfaces. D. It is an extensive network of blood vessels that regulates body temperature.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. It is the main structural component of the dermis which provides strength and elasticity. Collagen is the primary protein in the dermis, responsible for maintaining skin strength, firmness, and elasticity. Sun exposure damages collagen fibers, leading to wrinkles, sagging skin, and premature aging.
B. It increases skin elasticity with the aging process. Collagen production decreases with age, leading to reduced skin elasticity and increased wrinkle formation. Sun damage accelerates this process by breaking down collagen fibers.
C. It forms the ridges and valleys which provide traction for grasping objects and surfaces. Friction ridges (fingerprints) are formed by the dermal papillae, not collagen. They provide grip and are genetically determined.
D. It is an extensive network of blood vessels that regulates body temperature. The dermis contains a network of blood vessels for temperature regulation, but this function is not related to collagen. Instead, collagen provides structural support to the skin.

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The nurse is visiting an older adult client who is homebound. Which finding about the client's nutritional status requires additional follow- up?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing a client's skin and notices a raised nodule on the right forearm that is tender and filled with purulent secretions. The healthcare provider diagnosed the abscess as a furuncle. Which pathological etiology places the client at risk for the development of a furuncle?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a health promotion class for adults about the effects of sun exposure on skin. Which statement about the function of collagen is correct?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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