The nurse is following up with a male client, diagnosed 3 months ago, with erectile dysfunction who attempted lifestyle modifications as the first line of treatment.
The client reports having continued symptoms.
The nurse should discuss which of the following types of treatment with the client next?
Medications.
Negative-pressure devices.
Penile injections.
Penis transplant.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, such as sildenafil, are the next step in treating erectile dysfunction after lifestyle changes fail. These medications enhance nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in the penile tissues, improving erectile function. Their efficacy, safety, and widespread availability make them the first-line pharmacological option.
Choice B rationale
Negative-pressure devices, like vacuum erection devices, mechanically increase blood flow to the penis to maintain an erection. While effective for some, they are typically considered after the failure of oral pharmacological agents, as they require significant user compliance and may cause discomfort.
Choice C rationale
Penile injections of vasodilatory agents, such as alprostadil, are effective for managing erectile dysfunction. However, these are invasive and often reserved for cases unresponsive to oral medications or mechanical devices. They are not typically the first choice after lifestyle modification.
Choice D rationale
Penis transplantation is an experimental treatment and not a standard approach to managing erectile dysfunction. Its application is limited to cases of significant penile trauma or congenital abnormalities and is not relevant for individuals without such conditions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Reducing caffeine consumption decreases bladder irritation and helps manage urinary incontinence symptoms. Caffeine stimulates bladder activity and exacerbates urgency and frequency. Clinical evidence supports its reduction as part of an effective urinary incontinence management strategy.
Choice B rationale
Grapefruit juice is acidic and irritates the bladder lining, worsening symptoms of urinary incontinence. Substituting orange juice with grapefruit juice does not mitigate bladder irritation. Both contain acids and should be avoided to manage urinary incontinence effectively. Citrus juices are contraindicated in clients managing urinary incontinence.
Choice C rationale
Kegel exercises improve pelvic floor muscle strength, reducing urinary incontinence episodes. They enhance the function of the urinary sphincter and support better bladder control. Kegel exercises are widely recommended in clinical practice for patients managing urinary incontinence and are supported by robust scientific evidence.
Choice D rationale
Scheduled bathroom visits prevent bladder overdistension and manage urinary incontinence symptoms effectively. Timed voiding trains the bladder to hold urine for specific periods, reducing the frequency of urgency episodes. It is an effective behavioral approach supported by clinical guidelines for managing urinary incontinence.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Edema of the lower extremities suggests right-sided heart failure, not left ventricular failure. Fluid backs up into systemic circulation in right-sided failure, while left-sided failure primarily affects pulmonary circulation. Differentiating between these conditions is essential for targeted management.
Choice B rationale
Pulmonary crackles result from fluid accumulation in alveoli due to left ventricular failure, where decreased cardiac output causes blood to back up into pulmonary vasculature. Crackles indicate pulmonary congestion or edema. Prompt identification aids in early intervention. Normal respiratory assessment excludes crackles.
Choice C rationale
Ascites is more indicative of chronic right-sided heart failure or liver disease, not acute left ventricular failure. Ascites results from systemic venous congestion, which is less common in isolated left-sided heart failure. Differentiating causes helps refine diagnostic focus.
Choice D rationale
Jugular vein distention is associated with elevated central venous pressure, typical of right-sided heart failure or combined heart failure. It does not specifically characterize left ventricular failure. Accurate recognition of findings ensures precise diagnosis and management.
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