The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a 6-month-old baby. Which finding should the nurse understand as abnormal for this child?
The child has the beginning signs of tooth eruption.
The child is able to track and follow objects.
The child’s anterior fontanel is open.
The child’s posterior fontanel is open.
The Correct Answer is D
A. The child has the beginning signs of tooth eruption:
Teething usually begins around 4-7 months of age, so the beginning signs of tooth eruption (teething) are typical at six months.
B. The child is able to track and follow objects:
By six months, most infants can track and follow objects with their eyes, which is a normal developmental milestone for this age.
C. The child’s anterior fontanel is open:
The anterior fontanelle, the soft spot at the top of the baby's head, remains open until around 18-24 months of age, so its presence at six months is expected and considered normal.
D. The child’s posterior fontanel is open.
By six months of age, the posterior fontanelle, the soft spot located at the back of the baby's head, typically closes or is significantly smaller than it was at birth. The posterior fontanelle usually closes between 2 to 4 months of age in most infants. If it remains noticeably open by six months, it might warrant further evaluation as it could be indicative of a developmental or medical issue.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Exposure to contaminated body fluid:
HIV can be transmitted through exposure to contaminated body fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. However, in the context of infants, mother-to-child transmission is the primary mode of concern.
B. Mother-to-child transmission:
Mother-to-child transmission, also known as perinatal or vertical transmission, is the major means of HIV transmission in infants. It can occur during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding when the virus is passed from an HIV-positive mother to her child.
C. Blood transfusions:
While HIV transmission through blood transfusions was a concern in the past, current blood screening and testing procedures have significantly reduced this risk. It is not a major means of transmission in the infant population.
D. Sharing of infected needles:
The sharing of infected needles is a risk factor for HIV transmission among individuals who use injection drugs. However, this mode of transmission is not relevant to infants, as they are not typically exposed to such risk factors.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Mother sets aside afternoon time for the toddler while the baby naps.
Setting aside dedicated time for the older sibling when the newborn is napping demonstrates a proactive approach to ensuring the older child receives attention and feels valued, reducing the likelihood of resentment or rivalry.
B. Mother sleeps while newborn is sleeping:
While rest is important for the mother, this doesn't directly address the dynamics of sibling rivalry. It's essential to focus on positive interactions and attention for the toddler when the newborn is not requiring immediate care.
C. Mother asks if the toddler likes the new baby:
While communication is important, simply asking if the toddler likes the new baby may not be sufficient to prevent sibling rivalry. Actions and dedicated time are often more impactful.
D. Mother suggests family not bring gifts to the toddler until behavior changes:
Delaying gifts based on behavior may create an association between gifts and behavior change, which might not be the most effective approach. Positive reinforcement and attention are often more beneficial in preventing rivalry.
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