The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands the client is on both levodopa and carbidopa for which of the following reasons?

The use of carbidopa prevents dyskinesia.

Using both drugs prevents drug tolerance.

The combination of both medications is necessary to prevent side effects.

The carbidopa prevents the premature metabolism of levodopa.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Carbidopa does not directly prevent dyskinesia. Dyskinesia is often a side effect of long-term levodopa therapy. Carbidopa’s role is to help optimize the effectiveness of levodopa and reduce side effects, but it does not specifically prevent dyskinesia.
B. The combination of levodopa and carbidopa does not prevent drug tolerance. Drug tolerance refers to the reduced effect of a drug over time, and while the combination may help with optimal absorption and effectiveness, it doesn't directly address tolerance.
C. While carbidopa helps reduce some side effects (such as nausea and vomiting) by preventing the peripheral breakdown of levodopa, the primary purpose of combining the two drugs is not solely to prevent side effects but to improve levodopa's effectiveness and absorption in the brain.
D. Carbidopa inhibits the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) in the peripheral tissues, preventing the premature breakdown (metabolism) of levodopa into dopamine before it reaches the brain. This allows more levodopa to enter the brain and be converted into dopamine, enhancing the therapeutic effect for Parkinson's disease.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Regular insulin typically reaches its peak action 2 to 4 hours after administration. Since the insulin was given at 0730, the nurse should be most alert for signs of hypoglycemia between 0930 and 1130 when the insulin is most effective in lowering blood glucose.
B. This time frame is too late for peak action, as regular insulin's peak typically occurs earlier, between 2 to 4 hours after administration.
C. While this is within the range of insulin’s peak effect, it doesn't account for the full duration of potential hypoglycemia. The best window for observing symptoms would extend until 1130.
D. Hypoglycemia is most likely to occur during the peak action of the insulin, which is earlier, not this extended time frame.

A. Encourage the client to take the medication with food B. Instruct the client to try acetaminophen, aspirin or caffeine compounds instead. C. Instruct the client to stop taking the medication and speak with the health care provider. D. Tell the client she may need to increase the dose while pregnant.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Taking naproxen with food can reduce gastrointestinal upset, but this does not address its potential harm during pregnancy.
B. Acetaminophen is generally considered safe during pregnancy, but aspirin and caffeine compounds may carry risks and should not be recommended without provider guidance.
C. Instruct the client to stop taking the medication and speak with the health care provider is correct. Naproxen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is generally not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, due to potential risks such as premature closure of the ductus arteriosus and impaired fetal renal function. The client should stop taking the medication and consult with the provider for safer alternatives.
D. Increasing the dose of a potentially harmful medication during pregnancy is inappropriate and could increase risk to the fetus.

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The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands the client is on both levodopa and carbidopa for which of the following reasons?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client receives 8 units of regular insulin at 0730. When should the nurse should be most alert for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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