The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands the client is on both levodopa and carbidopa for which of the following reasons?

The use of carbidopa prevents dyskinesia.

Using both drugs prevents drug tolerance.

The combination of both medications is necessary to prevent side effects.

The carbidopa prevents the premature metabolism of levodopa.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Carbidopa does not directly prevent dyskinesia. Dyskinesia is often a side effect of long-term levodopa therapy. Carbidopa’s role is to help optimize the effectiveness of levodopa and reduce side effects, but it does not specifically prevent dyskinesia.
B. The combination of levodopa and carbidopa does not prevent drug tolerance. Drug tolerance refers to the reduced effect of a drug over time, and while the combination may help with optimal absorption and effectiveness, it doesn't directly address tolerance.
C. While carbidopa helps reduce some side effects (such as nausea and vomiting) by preventing the peripheral breakdown of levodopa, the primary purpose of combining the two drugs is not solely to prevent side effects but to improve levodopa's effectiveness and absorption in the brain.
D. Carbidopa inhibits the enzyme aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) in the peripheral tissues, preventing the premature breakdown (metabolism) of levodopa into dopamine before it reaches the brain. This allows more levodopa to enter the brain and be converted into dopamine, enhancing the therapeutic effect for Parkinson's disease.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The HgbA1C result of 6.9% is slightly above the recommended target of less than 7% for many people with diabetes. While it may be an improvement compared to higher levels, it indicates that better dietary control (such as managing carbohydrate intake, portion sizes, and meal timing) and possibly more rigorous lifestyle modifications are needed to bring the blood sugar levels within optimal range.
B. While insulin adjustments may be necessary for some individuals, an HgbA1C of 6.9% does not immediately suggest the need for more insulin. The decision to increase insulin depends on the individual’s specific needs, blood glucose patterns, and current treatment plan.
C. An HgbA1C of 6.9% is not an indication that an insulin pump is necessary. Insulin pumps are used for specific situations where more precise insulin delivery is needed or for people who have difficulty managing diabetes with multiple daily injections. The need for an insulin pump is not typically based on a single HgbA1C result.
D. While a result of 6.9% is relatively close to the target goal for many people with diabetes, it is slightly above the ideal target of <7%. This result suggests that while the client’s blood sugar is somewhat controlled, there is room for improvement to achieve optimal control.

A. Legumes B. Grilled chicken C. Root vegetables D. Mashed potatoes

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Legumes (such as beans, lentils, and peas) have a low glycemic index. They are high in fiber and protein, which helps slow the absorption of carbohydrates and keep blood sugar levels stable.
B. Grilled chicken is a protein source and does not significantly affect the glycemic index since proteins do not cause a rise in blood sugar.
C. Root vegetables like carrots, sweet potatoes, and beets generally have a moderate glycemic index. While they do impact blood sugar, they do not cause as significant an increase as high-glycemic foods.
D. Mashed potatoes, especially if prepared without the skin, have a high glycemic index. The processing of potatoes into a mashed form increases their rate of digestion and absorption, causing a more rapid increase in blood sugar levels

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The nurse is caring for a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse understands the client is on both levodopa and carbidopa for which of the following reasons?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is reviewing the hemoglobin A1C (HgbA1C) results that showed 6.9% with a client who has diabetes mellitus. The client asked the nurse what the result means. Which of the following statements by the nurse is correct?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is assisting a patient with Type 2 diabetes to choose foods for the next day's meals. Which of the following food choices would have the highest glycemic index?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a female client about ways to prevent a migraine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?.

The nurse is teaching a client with hypothyroidism the importance of increasing fluids. The nurse should explain that increasing fluids is important to prevent which of the following problems?

The nurse is reviewing the medication list with a client with hypothyroidism who is prescribed levothyroxine (Synthroid). The nurse should notify the health care provider if the client reported taking which of the following medications?

The nurse is preparing a client who has diabetes mellitus, type 2 for an abdominal CT scan with contrast. Which of the following prescribed medications, taken by the client, should be reported to the health care provider immediately?

The nurse is preparing to administer prescribed saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

The nurse has taught a client newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease ways to maintain mobility. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate the need for further teaching.

The nurse is assessing a client newly diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect which of the following?