The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a slightly overweight client seen in the Emergency Department with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which instruction should the nurse give for management of this disease process?

Drink a carbonated beverage before bed

Increase fatty foods one at a time

Elevate the head of the bed when sleeping

Eat dinner late in the evening

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: This is not a correct instruction because drinking a carbonated beverage before bed can worsen the reflux symptoms by increasing the gastric pressure and the production of gas.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct instruction because increasing fatty foods can worsen the reflux symptoms by delaying the gastric emptying and relaxing the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which allows the stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.

Choice C reason: This is a correct instruction because elevating the head of the bed when sleeping can help prevent the reflux symptoms by using gravity to keep the stomach contents from flowing back into the esophagus.

Choice D reason: This is not a correct instruction because eating dinner late in the evening can worsen the reflux symptoms by increasing the amount and acidity of the stomach contents, which can easily flow back into the esophagus when lying down. The client should avoid eating within 3 hours of bedtime.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Increased thirst and dry mucous membranes are signs of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, which can occur due to excessive fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake.

Choice B reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Low blood pressure and increased heart rate are signs of hypovolemic shock, which can occur due to severe fluid loss or hemorrhage.

Choice C reason: This is a correct sign of hypervolemia. Difficulty breathing and weight gain are signs of fluid overload, which can occur due to excessive fluid retention or impaired cardiac function. Difficulty breathing can be caused by pulmonary edema, which is the accumulation of fluid in the lungs. Weight gain can be caused by the increase in total body fluid.

Choice D reason: This is not a correct sign of hypervolemia. Dry cough and poor skin turgor are signs of dehydration or fluid volume deficit, which can occur due to excessive fluid loss or inadequate fluid intake.

A. Active transport B. Diffusion C. Filtration D. Osmosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Active transport is the process of moving molecules across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient, requiring energy.

Choice B reason: Diffusion is the process of moving molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without using energy.

Choice C reason: Filtration is the process of moving fluid and solutes through a membrane by a pressure gradient.

Choice D reason: Osmosis is the process of moving water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

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The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a slightly overweight client seen in the Emergency Department with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which instruction should the nurse give for management of this disease process?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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