The nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the ecological model of health care. Which of the following clients would be the primary target for this model?
A 35-year-old male with a family history of prostate cancer
A 58-year-old female with chronic hepatitis A
A 52-year-old male with diabetes mellitus for the past 5 years
A 45-year-old female with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
The Correct Answer is A
A. The ecological model of health care focuses on multiple levels of influence, including individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal factors. A 35-year-old male with a family history of prostate cancer is a primary target because early intervention and prevention strategies can be tailored based on genetic and lifestyle factors.
B. A client with chronic hepatitis A would benefit from management within a clinical setting rather than an ecological model, which is more preventive and community-focused.
C. A client with established diabetes mellitus might be managed through medical treatment and lifestyle changes, which are typically individual-focused rather than ecological.
D. A client with HIV would require specialized care and management, which is more focused on medical and individual needs rather than the broader ecological approach.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Health disparities can lead to health inequities, which place certain populations at a disadvantage and impact overall health outcomes.
B. Health disparities are not a condition for receiving insurance payments; insurance coverage and health equity are separate issues.
C. While research is important, the identification of health disparities is ongoing and does not solely rely on major research before actions are taken.
D. While there are efforts and policies aimed at reducing health disparities, there is no specific federal legislation that mandates the complete elimination of health disparities.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. Being over 65 years of age can be associated with lower health literacy due to a variety of factors, including less familiarity with digital health information and potential cognitive decline.
B. Working full-time in a factory job may correlate with lower health literacy due to lower levels of formal education and limited access to health education resources.
C. Having a chronic disease does not necessarily indicate low health literacy; in fact, managing a chronic condition may require higher health literacy to effectively engage in self-care.
D. Speaking English as a second language can be a significant risk factor for low health literacy due to language barriers that affect the ability to understand health information and navigate the healthcare system.
E. Taking part-time post-secondary classes typically indicates higher educational attainment and is less likely to be associated with low health literacy.
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