The nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the ecological model of health care. Which of the following clients would be the primary target for this model?
A 35-year-old male with a family history of prostate cancer
A 58-year-old female with chronic hepatitis A
A 52-year-old male with diabetes mellitus for the past 5 years
A 45-year-old female with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
The Correct Answer is A
A. The ecological model of health care focuses on multiple levels of influence, including individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal factors. A 35-year-old male with a family history of prostate cancer is a primary target because early intervention and prevention strategies can be tailored based on genetic and lifestyle factors.
B. A client with chronic hepatitis A would benefit from management within a clinical setting rather than an ecological model, which is more preventive and community-focused.
C. A client with established diabetes mellitus might be managed through medical treatment and lifestyle changes, which are typically individual-focused rather than ecological.
D. A client with HIV would require specialized care and management, which is more focused on medical and individual needs rather than the broader ecological approach.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Traditional medical care focuses on active treatment with the aim of curing or controlling the disease, which is not the goal of palliative care in this context.
B. Palliative care aims to prevent and relieve suffering and discomfort, focusing on improving the quality of life for clients with serious illnesses.
C. Bridging between curative and hospice care does not accurately describe the primary focus of palliative care, which is to manage symptoms and improve comfort.
D. Providing aggressive treatment is contrary to the principles of palliative care, which focuses on comfort and quality of life rather than pursuing further curative interventions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While discussing side effects of pain medications is important, it is not directly related to the fundamental comfort and care provided in hospice settings.
B. Dietary modifications may be relevant, but they are not as essential to immediate comfort and care as other interventions.
C. Educating about medication management is important but focuses more on management rather than immediate comfort.
D. Assisting with personal hygiene and grooming directly addresses the comfort and daily needs of hospice clients, making it an essential intervention for fundamental care and comfort.
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