A client with a history of cerebrovascular accident is brought to an emergency department experiencing memory problems, confusion, and disorientation. Based on this client's assessment data, on which medical diagnosis would the nurse focus the plan of care?

Delirium due to adverse effects of cardiac medications

Vascular neurocognitive disorder

Neurocognitive disorder due to Huntington's disease

Alzheimer's disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Delirium due to cardiac medications is a possibility, but the patient’s history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) makes vascular neurocognitive disorder more likely. Delirium typically presents acutely and is often associated with medical or environmental triggers.
B. Vascular neurocognitive disorder (formerly vascular dementia) is often seen in clients with a history of cerebrovascular accidents (strokes). The client’s symptoms of memory problems, confusion, and disorientation could indicate this type of cognitive impairment, which is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain due to vascular damage.
C. Neurocognitive disorder due to Huntington's disease typically presents with movement disorders (chorea), mood changes, and gradual cognitive decline, rather than sudden memory loss and disorientation.
D. Alzheimer’s disease typically presents with gradual memory decline and cognitive impairment, but the sudden onset of symptoms in a patient with a history of CVA makes vascular neurocognitive disorder more probable.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. While individuals with bulimia nervosa may experience fluctuations in their weight, they are not typically significantly underweight like those with anorexia nervosa. They often maintain a weight within or slightly below the normal range.
B. Dental decay is a common finding in people with bulimia nervosa due to self-induced vomiting, which exposes the teeth to stomach acid. This acid can erode enamel, leading to cavities, tooth decay, and other dental issues.
C. Hyperkalemia is not typically associated with bulimia nervosa. Hypokalemia (low potassium) is more common in bulimia, especially due to vomiting and laxative use, which can lead to significant potassium depletion.
D. Amenorrhea is more common in anorexia nervosa, where extreme malnutrition often leads to the cessation of menstruation. In bulimia nervosa, menstrual irregularities may occur, but complete amenorrhea is not as typical as in anorexia.

A. Statement regarding outlook on living B. Statement related to feelings of sadness and anger. C. Knowledge of expectations during group meetings. D. Awareness of the therapist's role. E. Statement related to use of pharmacological interventions

Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

A. Statement regarding outlook on living is a priority concern because the client stated, "I can't go on living without my child." This indicates possible suicidal ideation and requires immediate assessment and intervention for client safety.
B. Statement related to feelings of sadness and anger is an expected reaction in the grieving process. While it should be monitored, it is not an immediate safety risk and therefore not the top priority.
C. Knowledge of expectations during group meetings is related to participation in therapy, not a pressing concern that threatens the client’s wellbeing.
D. Awareness of the therapist's role shows insight and is helpful for therapy engagement, but is not urgent.
E. Statement related to use of pharmacological interventions is a priority because the client reports non-adherence to prescribed Sertraline due to a belief it won’t help. Noncompliance with medication can worsen depression and increase suicide risk, making this a key issue to address immediately.

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A client with a history of cerebrovascular accident is brought to an emergency department experiencing memory problems, confusion, and disorientation. Based on this client's assessment data, on which medical diagnosis would the nurse focus the plan of care?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a female client who has bulimia nervosa and reports frequent self-induced vomiting. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in a mental health clinic is caring for a client who is grieving. Exhibits A nurse is caring for a client who is grieving. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a priority to address?Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","E"]

Explanation

During a treatment meeting in an oncology unit, the nurse learns that a patient is scheduled for chemotherapy before surgery. What are the purposes for this patient to receive chemotherapy at this specific time?

The newly diagnosed patient with type 2 diabetes has been prescribed metformin (Glucophage). What should the nurse tell the patient to best explain how this medication works?

A patient, who is admitted with diabetes mellitus, has a glucose level of 380 mg/dL and a moderate level of ketones in the urine. As the nurse assesses for signs of ketoacidosis, which respiratory pattern would the nurse expect to find?

Which statement by a patient who was recently diagnosed with cancer indicates an understanding of the pathogenesis of cancer?

An older client who lives with a caregiver is admitted to an emergency department with a fractured arm. The client is soaked in urine and has dried fecal matter on lower extremities. The client is 6 feet tall and weighs 120 pounds. Which condition would the nurse suspect?

A nurse is caring for a client. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an indication of anorexia nervosa?

A nurse is caring for a client who is unable to make any decisions for themself and needs constant reassurance. The nurse should identify that these are manifestations of which of the following personality disorders?

A nurse is caring for a client who has experienced a stroke and exhibits parkinsonian effects. The client's cognition fluctuates. Which of the following types of dementia should the nurse expect the client to have?