The nurse is teaching an adult patient with Type 1 diabetes that a primary cause of the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is:
Omitted meals
Polydipsia and polyphagia
Not taking enough insulin
An insulin overdose
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Omitted meals can lead to hypoglycemia, not diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not a lack of food intake.
Choice B rationale
Polydipsia and polyphagia are symptoms of hyperglycemia, not causes of DKA. They occur as the body tries to compensate for high blood sugar levels.
Choice C rationale
Not taking enough insulin is a primary cause of the development of DKA. Without enough insulin, the body begins to break down fat for fuel, which produces acids known as ketones.
Choice D rationale
An insulin overdose would lead to hypoglycemia, not DKA. DKA is caused by a lack of insulin, not an excess.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While a past medical history of myocardial infarction does increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), it is not the highest risk factor among the options provided. Other factors such as immobility, surgery, and certain medical conditions can pose a higher risk.
Choice B rationale
Postoperative patients, such as those who have had a laparoscopic knee replacement, are at an increased risk for DVT due to periods of immobility and changes in blood flow and clotting.
However, the risk is not as high as in patients who have undergone major open abdominal surgery.
Choice C rationale
Patients who have undergone major open abdominal surgery are at the highest risk for the development of DVT among the options provided. The surgery itself, along with the postoperative period of immobility, significantly increases the risk of DVT34567.
Choice D rationale
While peptic ulcers can be associated with certain risk factors for DVT, such as age and immobility due to pain, they do not pose as high a risk as major open abdominal surgery.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Administering the prescribed antibiotic early might not be the most immediate action. While antibiotics can help treat an infection, it’s crucial to first confirm the presence of an infection before starting antibiotic therapy.
Choice B rationale
Applying a sterile dressing to the area is important, but it’s not the priority nursing action. Dressings help protect the wound from further contamination, but they do not address the underlying issue of a potential infection.
Choice C rationale
Reporting the finding to the care provider is the priority nursing action. The symptoms described - a new foul odor coming from the incision, which is erythematous, tender, and warm to the touch - suggest a possible infection. Immediate reporting allows for prompt evaluation and treatment, which is crucial in preventing further complications.
Choice D rationale
Obtaining a culture of the incision might be necessary to identify the specific causative agent of the infection, but it’s not the priority action. It’s more important to first report the findings to the care provider.
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