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The nurse is teaching an elderly patient about nail care and hygiene. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following?

(Select all that apply.).

Trim nails straight across and file edges smoothly.

Soak nails in warm water before trimming to soften them.

Use a metal nail file or scissors to cut nails.

Apply a clear nail polish to protect nails from cracking.

Report any signs of infection or inflammation around nails.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,E

The correct answer is A, B, and E.

The nurse should instruct the patient to do the following:.

• Trim nails straight across and file edges smoothly.

• Soak nails in warm water before trimming to soften them.

• Report any signs of infection or inflammation around nails.

These are good practices for nail hygiene and health, especially for the elderly who may have dry, brittle or thickened nails. Trimming nails straight across and filing them prevents ingrown nails and reduces the risk of injury or infection. Soaking nails in warm water makes them easier to cut and less likely to crack or split. Reporting any signs of infection or inflammation around nails is important to prevent complications and get appropriate treatment.

Choice C is wrong because using a metal nail file or scissors to cut nails can damage the nail plate and cause splitting or tearing. Choice D is wrong because applying a clear nail polish to protect nails from cracking is unnecessary and may worsen nail health by trapping moisture and bacteria under the polish.

To maintain healthy nails, the elderly should also scrub the underside of their nails with soap and water, moisturize their nails and cuticles, avoid biting or chewing their nails, eat nutritious foods rich in calcium and vitamins B and C, and use sterilized nail grooming tools.

: Fingernail Care for the Elderly - assisting hands-il-wi.com: Fingernails: Do’s and don’ts for healthy nails - Mayo Clinic: Nail Hygiene | CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

The correct answer isA, B, C and D.

These are all factors that can increase the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in older adult clients.

A. Decreased immune system function with aging.This can make older adults more susceptible to infections and less able to fight them off.

B. Lack of knowledge or awareness about STIs.

Older adults may not have received adequate education or information about STIs, their symptoms, prevention and treatment.They may also have misconceptions or stigma about STIs that prevent them from seeking help or testing.

C. Reduced use of condoms or other barrier methods.

Older adults may not perceive themselves as at risk of STIs or may not know how to use condoms correctly or consistently.They may also face barriers such as cost, availability, embarrassment or partner resistance to using condoms.

D. Increased number of sexual partners or casual encounters.

Older adults may have more opportunities for sexual activity due to factors such as divorce, widowhood, online dating, travel or retirement.They may also engage in sexual behaviors that expose them to multiple or unknown partners, such as sex work, drug use or group sex.

Choice E is wrong becauseincreased vaginal dryness or atrophy with menopauseis not a risk factor for STIs in older adult clients.

While this condition can cause discomfort, pain or bleeding during sexual intercourse, it does not increase the likelihood of acquiring or transmitting an STI.However, it may affect the quality of life and sexual satisfaction of older women and their partners, and may require medical attention or lubrication products.

: Johnson BK.

Sexually transmitted infections and older adults.J Gerontol Nurs 2013;39(11):53-60.: World Health Organization (WHO).

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs).2022 Aug 22.: Journal of Gerontological Nursing (JGN).

Sexually Transmitted Infections and Older Adults.

2013 Sep 18.

A. Adverse drug reactions. B. Medication adherence C. Drug-drug interactions. D. Therapeutic effects.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is A.

Adverse drug reactions.

Polypharmacy, which refers to the effects of taking multiple medications concurrently to manage coexisting health problems, is common among older adults.

It is defined as the regular use of at least five medications.

Polypharmacy can lead to an increase in geriatric syndromes, decrease in functional outcomes, and increased mortality.

One of the major risks of polypharmacy is adverse drug reactions, which are harmful or unintended effects of a medication that occur at normal doses.

Adverse drug reactions can result from drug-drug interactions, drug-disease interactions, drug-age interactions, or inappropriate prescribing.

Adverse drug reactions can cause symptoms such as confusion, dizziness, falls, bleeding, or organ damage.

They can also lead to hospitalizations, increased health care costs, and reduced quality of life.

Choice B is wrong because medication adherence, which is the extent to which patients take medications as prescribed by their health care providers, can actually decrease with polypharmacy.

This is because taking multiple medications can be complex, costly, and burdensome for older adults, especially if they have cognitive impairment or low health literacy.

Medication adherence can also be influenced by patients’ beliefs, preferences, and expectations about their medications.

Choice C is wrong because drug-drug interactions are not a risk of polypharmacy per se, but rather a cause of adverse drug reactions.

Drug-drug interactions occur when two or more drugs affect each other’s pharmacokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) or pharmacodynamics (mechanism of action, efficacy, toxicity).

Drug-drug interactions can alter the therapeutic effects or safety of a medication.

Choice D is wrong because therapeutic effects are the intended or desired effects of a medication that benefit the patient’s health condition.

Therapeutic effects can decrease with polypharmacy due to drug-drug interactions that reduce the efficacy of a medication.

Therapeutic effects can also be diminished by prescribing cascade, which is a phenomenon where a new medication is prescribed to treat a symptom that is actually an adverse drug reaction of another medication.

Normal ranges for blood pressure are.

≤120/80.

mmHg for normal,.

120−129/80.

mmHg for elevated,.

130−139/80−89.

mmHg for stage 1 hypertension, and.

≥140/90.

mmHg for stage 2 hypertension.

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The nurse is teaching an elderly patient about nail care and hygiene. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.).

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing the risk factors for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in older adult clients. Which of the following factors should the nurse consider? (Select all that apply.).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the medication list of an older adult client who takes several medications for different health problems. The nurse recognizes that polypharmacy in older adults can increase the risk of which of the following?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has been diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The client asks the nurse what causes this condition. What is the best response by the nurse?

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of an older adult client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should alert the nurse to a possible complication of UTI in older adults? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has a history of falls. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for falls in older adults?

A nurse is educating an older adult client who has depression about the benefits of physical activity and exercise. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.).

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports feeling cold most of the time. The nurse knows that this is most likely due to which of the following physiological changes with aging?

The nurse is teaching an elderly patient about nail care and hygiene. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following? (Select all that apply.).

The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a spinal cord injury at level C5-C6 as a result of an automobile accident. The patient suddenly develops severe hypertension, throbbing headache, blurred vision, and bradycardia. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to an older adult client who had a hip replacement surgery. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

The nurse is teaching an elderly patient about nail care and hygiene. The nurse should instruct the patient to do which of the following?

(Select all that apply.).