The nurse suspects that which condition associated with chronic heart failure is the cause of a patient's inability to sleep well due to frequent urination?

Fullness from ascites.

Hypoproteinemia.

Hypoperfusion to the brain.

Increased renal perfusion in the supine position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale:

Fullness from ascites is a symptom associated with conditions like liver cirrhosis, not directly related to chronic heart failure. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, causing a feeling of fullness and abdominal discomfort.

Choice B rationale:

Hypoproteinemia, a condition characterized by low levels of proteins in the blood, can lead to fluid retention and edema. However, it is not a direct cause of frequent urination. Frequent urination in this context is more likely related to increased fluid volume in the body, which can be caused by increased renal perfusion in the supine position due to fluid redistribution from the lower extremities to the kidneys.

Choice C rationale:

Hypoperfusion to the brain can lead to neurological symptoms, but it does not directly cause frequent urination. Frequent urination is often related to the kidneys' ability to filter excess fluid and excrete it as urine.

Choice D rationale:

Increased renal perfusion in the supine position can cause frequent urination, especially at night. When a person with chronic heart failure lies down, fluid that has accumulated in the lower extremities (edema) during the day is redistributed to the kidneys due to the change in body position. This increased renal perfusion results in an increased production of urine, leading to nocturia (frequent urination at night) and disrupting the patient's ability to sleep well. This symptom is characteristic of heart failure-related fluid overload and is an important clinical sign indicating worsening heart failure.

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Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Increased cobalamin levels are not indicative of polycythemia vera. Polycythemia vera is characterized by an increase in the total red blood cell mass. Elevated cobalamin levels are not specific to this condition.
Choice B rationale:
Decreased histamine levels are not a diagnostic marker for polycythemia vera. Histamine levels are not typically associated with this disorder.
Choice C rationale:
Increased hemoglobin levels are a significant finding in polycythemia vera. Polycythemia vera is a disorder characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells, leading to elevated hemoglobin levels.
Choice D rationale:
Increased red blood cell levels are a hallmark feature of polycythemia vera. The increased production of red blood cells leads to elevated red blood cell levels, which is a key diagnostic indicator for this condition.

A. Metabolic acidosis. B. Metabolic alkalosis. C. Respiratory acidosis. D. Respiratory alkalosis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by low blood pH and low bicarbonate ion levels. The patient's bicarbonate ion level (24 mEq/L) is within the normal range, and the low pH (7.32) and elevated PaCO2 (56 mm Hg) indicate respiratory acidosis, not metabolic acidosis.

Choice B rationale:

Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by high blood pH and high bicarbonate ion levels. The patient's pH is low (7.32), and the bicarbonate ion level (24 mEq/L) is within the normal range, indicating respiratory acidosis rather than metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale:

Respiratory acidosis is characterized by low blood pH and high PaCO2 levels. In this case, the patient has a low pH (7.32) and elevated PaCO2 (56 mm Hg), indicating respiratory acidosis. The bicarbonate ion level (24 mEq/L) is a compensatory response. Respiratory alkalosis would present with high pH and low PaCO2 levels.

Choice D rationale:

Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by high blood pH and low PaCO2 levels. The patient's PaCO2 level is elevated (56 mm Hg), indicating respiratory acidosis, not alkalosis. The low pH (7.32) further supports the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis.

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The nurse suspects that which condition associated with chronic heart failure is the cause of a patient's inability to sleep well due to frequent urination?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse suspects that a patient has polycythemia vera based on which finding in the patient's laboratory reports? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Correct Answer is ["C","D"]

Explanation

A patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results include a pH of 7.32, a PaCO2 of 56 mm Hg, and an HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse use when developing the patient's plan of care?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient who smokes reports chest pain while at rest.Which condition would the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

The arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient who overdosed on barbiturates are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 52, and HCO3 = 23. Which interpretation would the nurse rely on when planning the patient's care?

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Which change occurs first, making patients susceptible to coronary artery disease?

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The nurse provides education to a patient about the symptoms of uncontrolled hypertension.Which symptom would the nurse include? Select all that apply.One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Which arterial blood gas (ABG) data corresponds with a patient's clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis?