The nurse would evaluate a female patient, age 68, as understanding teaching on the purpose of coronary artery bypass graft surgery if she made which of the following statements?

“It is done to increase blood flow to the myocardium.”

“It will decrease blood flow to the coronary arteries.”

“It cures coronary artery disease.”

“It prevents spasms of the coronary arteries.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is not primarily performed to increase blood flow to the myocardium. Instead, it aims to restore blood flow to areas of the heart affected by blockages.

Choice B Reason:CABG does not intentionally decrease blood flow to the coronary arteries. On the contrary, it creates a new pathway to bypass blocked or partially blocked coronary arteries, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.

Choice C Reason:The primary purpose of CABG is to treat coronary artery disease by restoring blood flow to areas of the heart that aren't receiving enough blood. It involves using healthy blood vessels (usually from the chest or leg) to create a detour around blockages. By doing so, CABG improves heart function and reduces symptoms related to ischemia.

Choice D Reason:While CABG can indirectly prevent spasms of the coronary arteries by improving blood flow, it is not its primary purpose.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Frothy sputum is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure.

Choice B reason: Orthopnea, or difficulty breathing when lying flat, is also more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure.

Choice C reason: Peripheral edema, which is swelling in the lower limbs, is a classic symptom of right-sided heart failure.

Choice D reason: Dyspnea, or shortness of breath, can occur in right-sided heart failure but is more characteristic of left-sided heart failure. Peripheral edema is the most specific symptom to right-sided heart failure among the options provided.

A. Lack of sufficient oxygen to the myocardium. B. Increased cardiac workload. C. Interrupted electrical activity to areas of the heart. D. Lack of nutrients to the heart.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The myocardium requires a constant supply of oxygen to function properly. Coronary artery disease (CAD) causes a reduction in blood flow due to narrowed or blocked coronary arteries, leading to a lack of oxygen in the heart muscle, which can result in angina or chest pain.

Choice B reason: While increased cardiac workload can exacerbate chest pain, it is not the primary cause of pain in CAD. The pain is primarily due to ischemia, which is the lack of oxygen and nutrients to the heart tissue due to reduced blood flow.

Choice C reason: Interrupted electrical activity can lead to arrhythmias or heart attack, but it is not the direct cause of pain in CAD. The pain is related to ischemia, not electrical disturbances.

Choice D reason: A lack of nutrients, including oxygen, to the heart does contribute to the pain experienced in CAD; however, the primary factor is the insufficient oxygen supply, which is explicitly stated in choice A.

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The nurse would evaluate a female patient, age 68, as understanding teaching on the purpose of coronary artery bypass graft surgery if she made which of the following statements?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is reinforcing teaching to the patient about the cause of pain from coronary artery disease. The nurse would evaluate the patient as understanding the education if the patient stated which of the following causes the pain from coronary artery disease?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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