The patient is taking low-dose aspirin daily for his heart. The nurse knows only a portion of the medication taken actually reaches the tissue due to what process?
Distribution
First-pass effect
Reduced absorption
Gastrointestinal circulation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Distribution refers to the movement of the drug from the bloodstream into tissues and organs, but it does not explain why only a portion of the medication reaches the tissues.
B. The first-pass effect occurs when an orally administered drug is metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation. Aspirin, when taken orally, undergoes significant metabolism in the liver, reducing the amount of active drug available to exert its therapeutic effect. This explains why only a portion of the drug reaches the tissues.
C. Reduced absorption can limit drug availability, but aspirin is generally well absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. The primary reason for reduced drug availability in this case is metabolism by the liver, not poor absorption.
D. Gastrointestinal circulation involves the enterohepatic recycling of some drugs, but it does not explain why only a portion of aspirin reaches systemic circulation. The first-pass effect is the primary factor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Bioavailability refers to the proportion of a drug that enters systemic circulation and is available for therapeutic effect. Generic drugs must demonstrate bioequivalence to brand-name drugs, meaning their bioavailability must be within an acceptable range to ensure similar efficacy.
B. Critical concentration is the minimum drug level required to produce a therapeutic effect, but it is not the primary factor in generic drug substitution.
C. Distribution refers to how a drug is transported in the body after absorption, but it is not the main concern when substituting generic drugs.
D. Half-life is the time required for the drug concentration to decrease by half in the body, but it does not determine whether a generic drug can replace a brand-name drug. Bioavailability is the key factor in ensuring therapeutic equivalence.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The FDA is responsible for regulating and ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs, medical devices, and other health-related products. All medications must undergo rigorous scientific testing and approval processes overseen by the FDA before they can be marketed to the public.
B. The DEA regulates controlled substances and enforces laws related to drug abuse, but it does not control the scientific testing of medications.
C. The CDC focuses on public health and disease prevention, not the regulation or testing of medications.
D. The Joint Commission accredits healthcare organizations but does not directly oversee the scientific testing of medications.
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