The nurse prepares to change a patient's medication from an intravenous to an oral form and notes that the oral form is ordered in a higher dose. The nurse understands that this is due to differences in

Bioavailability

Pinocytosis

Tachyphylaxis

Protein binding

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

a) Bioavailability refers to the proportion of the drug that reaches systemic circulation when administered by a particular route. The oral route typically has lower bioavailability than the intravenous route due to the first-pass metabolism in the liver. Therefore, when switching from an IV form to an oral form, the dose often needs to be higher to achieve the same therapeutic effect.

b) Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis where cells absorb fluids and small molecules. While important in drug absorption, it is not the reason why oral doses are higher than IV doses.

c) Tachyphylaxis is a rapid tolerance to a drug after its administration, often requiring higher doses over time, but it does not directly explain the need for a higher oral dose.

d) Protein binding refers to how drugs bind to proteins in the blood, which can affect their distribution. However, this is not the main reason why oral doses are higher than IV doses.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) "Signature" and "hospital" are not part of the six rights of medication administration. The correct rights ensure patient safety by verifying essential aspects of drug administration.

b) "Solution," "doctor," and "shift" are not part of the six rights. The focus should be on ensuring the correct patient receives the right medication in the right manner.

c) "Order" and "signature" are important for verifying prescriptions, but they are not included in the six rights of administration.

d) The six rights of medication administration are right medication, right dosage, right route, right time, right client (patient), and right documentation. These ensure medication safety and prevent errors.

A. "I should insert the needle and inject the medication without aspirating for blood." B. "I should put firm pressure on the injection site to decrease the risk for bleeding." C. "I will insert the needle at a 10-degree angle when injecting." D. "The subcutaneous route is used because absorption is faster this way."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. When administering subcutaneous heparin, aspiration should be avoided because it can cause tissue damage and increase the risk of hematoma formation. This statement correctly reflects safe administration technique.

B. Firm pressure on the injection site is not recommended after heparin administration because it can increase the risk of bruising and bleeding. Instead, gentle pressure should be applied if necessary.

C. Subcutaneous injections should be given at a 45- to 90-degree angle, depending on the patient’s body mass. A 10-degree angle is too shallow and may result in improper medication delivery.

D. The subcutaneous route does not provide faster absorption than other routes such as intravenous or intramuscular. Instead, it allows for slow, steady absorption, which is desirable for anticoagulants like heparin.

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The nurse prepares to change a patient's medication from an intravenous to an oral form and notes that the oral form is ordered in a higher dose. The nurse understands that this is due to differences in

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The six rights of medication administration is:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching an overweight patient to administer subcutaneous heparin. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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