The primary factor responsible for possible multiple clinical manifestations in cystic fibrosis is which of the following?
Hyperactivity of sweat glands
Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucous gland secretion
Hypoactivity of autonomic nervous system
Atrophic changes in mucosal wall of intestines
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hyperactivity of sweat glands:
In cystic fibrosis (CF), there is an abnormality in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, leading to increased salt concentration in sweat. However, this is not the primary factor responsible for the diverse clinical manifestations in CF. The primary issue lies in the abnormal production of thick and sticky mucus affecting various organs.
B. Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucous gland secretion:
This is the correct choice. CF is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus due to abnormal CFTR protein function. This increased viscosity leads to mechanical obstruction in organs such as the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems, causing a range of clinical manifestations.
C. Hypoactivity of the autonomic nervous system:
CF is not characterized by hypoactivity of the autonomic nervous system. The primary issue lies in the mechanical obstruction caused by the abnormal mucus production.
D. Atrophic changes in the mucosal wall of the intestines:
Atrophic changes in the mucosal wall of the intestines are not the primary factor responsible for the clinical manifestations of CF. The key problem is the mechanical obstruction due to increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. She returns the blocks to the same spot on the table.
This behavior is more related to a sense of order or routine rather than object permanence. It doesn't directly demonstrate understanding object permanence.
B. She looks for the toy the parents hide under the blanket.
This behavior is consistent with the concept of object permanence. If the child searches for a hidden toy, it indicates an understanding that the object still exists even when out of sight.
C. She bangs two cubes held in her hands.
Banging cubes is not directly related to object permanence. It might demonstrate exploration or cause-and-effect understanding, but it doesn't specifically indicate object permanence.
D. She recognizes that a ball of clay is the same when flattened out.
This behavior demonstrates an understanding of conservation, which is different from object permanence. Conservation involves recognizing that the quantity of a substance remains the same despite changes in shape.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Provide a coloring book so they can color within the lines.
Coloring within the lines is a fine motor skill that is not typically developed at 12 months. Fine motor activities like coloring may become more suitable as the child grows, but at this age, the emphasis is generally on gross motor skills.
B. Provide a stick horse to develop gross motor coordination.
While a stick horse may be a fun toy, it may not be the most appropriate choice for a 12-month-old who is still working on basic motor skills. Gross motor coordination can be better encouraged with toys that support standing, walking, and pushing.
C. Place a cradle gym across the crib to facilitate fine motor skills.
A cradle gym can be appropriate for visual and sensory stimulation, but it is more related to visual tracking and reaching than fine motor skills. Fine motor skills typically involve more intricate hand movements, which may not be fully developed at 12 months.
D. Give large push-pull toys for kinesthetic stimulation.
For a 12-month-old child, appropriate play activities should focus on promoting gross motor skills, coordination, and exploration. Giving large push-pull toys encourages the development of kinesthetic skills, allowing the child to practice standing, walking, and moving. It also supports the development of coordination and balance.
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