Which medication should the nurse administer to provide quick relief to a child with asthma who is coughing, wheezing and having difficulty catching her breath?

A. Montelukast (Singulair)

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist used for long-term control of asthma, not for quick relief.

B. Prednisone

Prednisone is a corticosteroid used for anti-inflammatory effects and is typically used for more chronic control, not for quick relief.

C. Albuterol

Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator, which provides quick relief by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways. This is the correct choice for quick relief.

D. Fluticasone (Flovent)

Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for long-term asthma control, not for quick relief.

A. Parents are shocked when their child is diagnosed with a malignant bone tumor. The orthopedic surgeon discusses the options of limb amputation and a limb-salvage procedure. The parents are asked to consider each option.

This situation involves a difficult medical decision, but it does not describe a conflict or ethical dilemma that necessitates immediate involvement of the ethics committee. The parents are being informed about treatment options, and their input is sought in making a decision for their child's care.

B. The physician recommends that a young child be taken off the ventilator. The parents, who are divorced and have joint custody of the child, have differing views about whether to discontinue the ventilator.

This scenario presents a clear ethical dilemma involving the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. The differing views of the divorced parents with joint custody may require the involvement of the hospital ethics committee to provide guidance and facilitate resolution.

C. A child in end-stage renal failure is placed on the renal transplant list. The parents are asked to sign permission for surgery after a cadaver kidney is located. One parent is out of town and gives telephone consent.

While organ transplantation involves ethical considerations, the described situation does not present an immediate conflict or dilemma that requires the ethics committee's urgent involvement. The scenario seems to involve a common process of obtaining consent for surgery.

D. After initial therapies have failed, a child with leukemia is evaluated for a new cancer protocol. The child, age 8 years, gives assent for the new treatment, and his parents give their consent.

This scenario involves a child participating in the decision-making process through assent, and the parents providing consent. While significant, it does not describe a conflict or ethical dilemma that requires immediate ethics committee involvement. The situation seems to involve standard procedures for obtaining informed assent and consent for medical treatment.