The public health nurse understands that which of the following is the number one cause of death worldwide?
Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke)
Terrorism
Infectious diseases
Injuries (accidental or purposeful)
The Correct Answer is A
A. Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke): Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and stroke, are the leading causes of death globally. These diseases account for over 70% of deaths worldwide.
B. Terrorism: While terrorism causes loss of life, it does not account for nearly as many deaths as chronic diseases.
C. Infectious diseases: Infectious diseases remain a major concern, especially in developing nations, but chronic diseases surpass them as the leading cause of death.
D. Injuries (accidental or purposeful): Injuries contribute to mortality but are not the leading cause of death worldwide.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Toxicologist: Toxicologists specialize in studying the effects of chemicals on living organisms, including how chemicals interact with biological systems and potential toxic effects.
B. Chemist: A chemist studies the properties, composition, and reactions of substances but may not focus on physiological effects on the body.
C. Epidemiologist: An epidemiologist studies disease patterns in populations, including environmental exposures, but does not specialize in the physiological effects of chemicals.
D. Pharmacist: A pharmacist specializes in medications, including their mechanisms and interactions, but may not have in-depth knowledge of all chemical toxins.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Herd immunity: Herd immunity occurs when a large portion of the population is immune, reducing the spread of disease. However, the individual receiving the vaccine develops active immunity, not herd immunity.
B. Natural immunity: Natural immunity occurs after infection and recovery, not from vaccination.
C. Acquired immunity: While acquired immunity includes both active (vaccination or infection) and passive (antibodies from mother or immunoglobulin) immunity, the most specific answer is active immunity.
D. Active immunity: Vaccines stimulate the immune system to develop long-term immunity by producing antibodies against the virus.
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