The public health nurse understands that which of the following is the number one cause of death worldwide?
Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke)
Terrorism
Infectious diseases
Injuries (accidental or purposeful)
The Correct Answer is A
A. Chronic diseases (heart disease, cancer, stroke): Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and stroke, are the leading causes of death globally. These diseases account for over 70% of deaths worldwide.
B. Terrorism: While terrorism causes loss of life, it does not account for nearly as many deaths as chronic diseases.
C. Infectious diseases: Infectious diseases remain a major concern, especially in developing nations, but chronic diseases surpass them as the leading cause of death.
D. Injuries (accidental or purposeful): Injuries contribute to mortality but are not the leading cause of death worldwide.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Having the knowledge and skill set needed to advocate for the patient, but not being able to act on it due to not having the authority to do so. Moral distress occurs when a nurse knows the right action to take but is constrained by external factors such as policies, hierarchy, or legal limitations.
B. Having the authority to call off a code, then realizing the decision was harmful to the patient. This describes moral regret or ethical uncertainty, not moral distress. Moral distress occurs when a nurse is unable to act according to their ethical beliefs.
C. Having the authority to override a physician's order for pain medication. This describes an ethical dilemma rather than moral distress. Moral distress arises when a nurse cannot act despite knowing the right course of action.
D. Having the knowledge and skill set needed to provide culturally competent care. Cultural competence is an important aspect of nursing, but it does not describe moral distress, which involves ethical conflict and external barriers.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The incidence of asthma among children has been decreasing: The incidence of childhood asthma has been increasing due to rising air pollution, allergens, and environmental triggers.
B. Children are more susceptible to environmental toxins because of their smaller size: Due to their lower body weight, developing organs, and higher metabolic rate, children absorb toxins more readily and are more vulnerable to harmful effects.
C. Children are more susceptible to cancer if they have a family history of the disease: While family history plays a role, environmental exposures (e.g., radiation, chemicals) also contribute significantly to childhood cancer risk.
D. The prevalence of autism is directly related to the increase in environmental toxins: While research is ongoing, no definitive causal link has been established between environmental toxins and autism. Autism is influenced by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
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