A Spanish-speaking family comes to the public health department. No one in the family speaks English, and nobody at the health department speaks Spanish. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?

Call the local hospital and arrange a referral.

Attempt communication using an English-Spanish phrase book.

Emphatically state, "No hablo Español" (I don't speak Spanish).

Obtain an interpreter to translate.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Call the local hospital and arrange a referral: A referral does not immediately address the family’s communication needs. The nurse should first attempt to provide care with proper interpretation.

B. Attempt communication using an English-Spanish phrase book: A phrase book is inadequate for complex medical discussions and could lead to miscommunication.

C. Emphatically state, "No hablo Español" (I don't speak Spanish): This response is dismissive and does not help the family receive the care they need.

D. Obtain an interpreter to translate: The best practice is to use a professional interpreter to ensure accurate communication and avoid misunderstandings in medical care.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Tertiary prevention: Tertiary prevention focuses on minimizing complications of an already existing disease. This intervention is aimed at prevention, not complication management.

B. Secondary prevention: Secondary prevention involves early detection and screening (e.g., bone density scans), not dietary interventions.

C. Treatment, but not prevention: Advising on calcium intake is a preventive strategy, not a form of treatment for an existing condition.

D. Primary prevention: Primary prevention involves actions to prevent disease before it occurs. Encouraging adequate calcium intake helps prevent osteoporosis-related complications, making it a primary preventive measure.

A. A recent potluck that had a petting zoo B. A recent potluck that served spinach C. A recent potluck that served baked beans out of a bent can D. A recent potluck that served pork products

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A recent potluck that had a petting zoo: While petting zoos can be sources of zoonotic infections like E. coli or Salmonella, they are not associated with botulism, which comes from improperly processed foods.

B. A recent potluck that served spinach: Spinach can harbor bacterial infections like E. coli or Listeria, but it is not a common source of botulism unless improperly canned.

C. A recent potluck that served baked beans out of a bent can: Botulism is caused by Clostridium botulinum, a bacterium that produces neurotoxins in improperly canned, preserved, or stored foods. A bent or bulging can suggests contamination and potential toxin production, making it the most likely cause of botulism in this scenario.

D. A recent potluck that served pork products: Pork can transmit trichinosis (from undercooked meat) or bacterial infections (Salmonella, Listeria), but botulism is primarily linked to canned foods, not pork products.

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A Spanish-speaking family comes to the public health department. No one in the family speaks English, and nobody at the health department speaks Spanish. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?

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