The public health nurse is investigating a botulism outbreak. The public health nurse understands that which of the following is the greatest risk factor for development of the disease?
A recent potluck that had a petting zoo
A recent potluck that served spinach
A recent potluck that served baked beans out of a bent can
A recent potluck that served pork products
The Correct Answer is C
A. A recent potluck that had a petting zoo: While petting zoos can be sources of zoonotic infections like E. coli or Salmonella, they are not associated with botulism, which comes from improperly processed foods.
B. A recent potluck that served spinach: Spinach can harbor bacterial infections like E. coli or Listeria, but it is not a common source of botulism unless improperly canned.
C. A recent potluck that served baked beans out of a bent can: Botulism is caused by Clostridium botulinum, a bacterium that produces neurotoxins in improperly canned, preserved, or stored foods. A bent or bulging can suggests contamination and potential toxin production, making it the most likely cause of botulism in this scenario.
D. A recent potluck that served pork products: Pork can transmit trichinosis (from undercooked meat) or bacterial infections (Salmonella, Listeria), but botulism is primarily linked to canned foods, not pork products.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Chlamydia: There is no vaccine for chlamydia; prevention relies on safe sex practices and screening.
B. Hepatitis B: The Hepatitis B vaccine is highly effective in preventing HBV infection.
C. Gonorrhea: No vaccine exists; prevention includes condom use and regular screening.
D. Genital Herpes Simplex Virus 2: HSV-2 has no vaccine; antiviral medications help manage symptoms but do not prevent infection.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Herd immunity: Herd immunity occurs when a large portion of the population is immune, reducing the spread of disease. However, the individual receiving the vaccine develops active immunity, not herd immunity.
B. Natural immunity: Natural immunity occurs after infection and recovery, not from vaccination.
C. Acquired immunity: While acquired immunity includes both active (vaccination or infection) and passive (antibodies from mother or immunoglobulin) immunity, the most specific answer is active immunity.
D. Active immunity: Vaccines stimulate the immune system to develop long-term immunity by producing antibodies against the virus.
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