Three-month-old Trevan is playing with a small stuffed animal. Trevan's caregiver takes the stuffed animal away and hides it. Piaget would argue that Trevan would not notice the absence of the stuffed animal because he has not developed

A. operations: “Operations” are internalized, reversible mental actions characteristic of the concrete operational stage, not attributing intention to inanimate objects.
B. conservation: Conservation refers to understanding that quantity remains constant despite changes in appearance; it’s unrelated to saying a root is “mean.”
C. animism: Animism is attributing humanlike qualities or intentions to inanimate objects (e.g., a root being “mean”).
D. egocentric thought: Egocentrism is difficulty taking others’ perspectives; while common in young children, it does not specifically describe attributing agency to objects.

A. Motor skills are initially influenced by biology but become increasingly dependent on environmental factors: While biology and environment both matter, this statement is overly linear and doesn’t capture the moment-to-moment, multi-factor interaction emphasized by dynamic systems theory.
B. Infants take bits and pieces of data from sensations and build representations of the world in their minds: This describes constructivist/cognitive processes (Piagetian), focusing on internal mental representations rather than dynamic, embodied action.
C. Motor development comes about through the unfolding of a genetic plan, or maturation: This is the maturational (nativist) view, which sees motor milestones as preprogrammed rather than emergent from multiple interacting factors.
D. Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivates them to act. They use their perceptions to fine-tune their movements: Dynamic systems theory emphasizes that motor skills emerge from interactions among perception, action, the body, and environment; infants use perception to continuously adjust movements.