What are clinical manifestations of hypernatremia?
Neurological symptoms such as numbness and tingling of the hands and feet
Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea
Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and constipation
Neurological symptoms such as confusion, irritability, or lethargy
The Correct Answer is D
A. Neurological symptoms such as numbness and tingling of the hands and feet: Numbness and tingling are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances like hypocalcemia or hypokalemia, not hypernatremia.
B. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea: Hypernatremia typically causes neurological, not gastrointestinal, symptoms.
C. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain and constipation: Gastrointestinal symptoms are not the primary manifestation of hypernatremia.
D. Neurological symptoms such as confusion, irritability, or lethargy: Hypernatremia primarily affects the brain and neurological system, leading to symptoms like confusion, irritability, lethargy, and, in severe cases, seizures or coma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["E","F"]
Explanation
A. Level of vitamin D: This is not immediately relevant in acute trauma.
B. Presence of fat embolisms: This would be a concern in long bone fractures, but it is not a standard part of the initial trauma assessment.
C. Age: Although age can influence recovery, it is not a primary factor in acute trauma evaluation.
D. Potassium levels: These are not directly related to musculoskeletal trauma.
E. Circulation (capillary refill less than three seconds): Assessing circulation is crucial to ensure that blood flow is not compromised due to trauma. Capillary refill time is an indicator of peripheral perfusion.
F. Pulse strength (0/4 to 4/4): Assessing pulse strength is critical in evaluating the vascular integrity and ensuring that blood supply is adequate to the affected area.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Aortic valve regurgitation: Blood flows back from the aorta into the left ventricle, not the left atrium.
B. Mitral valve stenosis: This involves narrowing of the mitral valve, but does not cause backward flow into the left atrium.
C. Aortic valve stenosis: This is the narrowing of the aortic valve, which obstructs blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta.
D. Mitral valve regurgitation: In this condition, the mitral valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow back into the left atrium from the left ventricle during systole.
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