What idea does the Healthy Communities and Cities initiative support?
The World Health Organization (WHO) is the city's primary information source.
Healthy public policy is the responsibility of elected officials.
Healthy cities and communities must be both environmentally and socially sustainable
Physical environments cannot be changed, thus, strategies must be developed in order to cope with them.
The Correct Answer is C
A. The World Health Organization (WHO) is the city's primary information source: WHO supports the initiative but is not the city’s main information source.
B. Healthy public policy is the responsibility of elected officials: Public policy is a shared responsibility- this option limits it to elected officials.
C. Healthy cities and communities must be both environmentally and socially sustainable: This is a core belief of the initiative- emphasizing holistic, sustainable development for long-term health.
D. Physical environments cannot be changed, thus, strategies must be developed in order to cope with them: Contradicts the initiative’s belief that environments can and should be improved for better health outcomes.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Cost-efficiency study: Assesses how efficiently resources are used but doesn’t compare monetary benefits to costs.
B. Cost-accounting study: Focuses on calculating actual expenditures, not comparing them to potential savings.
C. Cost-effectiveness study: Compares health outcomes to costs, not financial savings directly.
D. Cost-benefit study: This type of study evaluates whether the monetary benefits of an intervention outweigh the costs. It’s best for comparing program expenses with potential savings from prevented chronic illnesses.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. No action is necessary because it is easily treated with oral vermicides: While treatment is simple, prevention through hygiene is still essential, especially in group settings.
B. Every child in the daycare should be treated because they are all probably infected: Treatment should be based on diagnosis or close contact, not blanket treatment without evaluation.
C. Using good hand washing is important to prevent the transmission: Pinworms spread via the fecal-oral route. Hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent reinfection and spread.
D. Close the daycare until all surfaces are cleaned: This is extreme and unnecessary - proper hygiene and targeted treatment are typically sufficient.
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