What is a common characteristic of diabetes insipidus?
Hyperglycemia
Polydipsia
Weight gain
Oliguria
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hyperglycemia: Hyperglycemia is characteristic of diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus involves an issue with antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and water balance, not glucose regulation.
B. Polydipsia: This is a hallmark symptom of diabetes insipidus. It refers to excessive thirst due to the body’s inability to retain water, leading to dehydration and compensatory increased fluid intake.
C. Weight gain: Weight gain is not typically associated with diabetes insipidus. The condition usually leads to weight loss due to fluid loss.
D. Oliguria: Oliguria (reduced urine output) is the opposite of what occurs in diabetes insipidus. The condition is characterized by polyuria, or excessive urination, due to the kidneys' inability to concentrate urine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
ESRD is a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste and fluid from the blood, resulting in a buildup of toxins and fluid in the body. ESRD can cause symptoms such as lethargy, oliguria (reduced urine output), and itchy and dry skin due to uremia (high levels of urea in the blood). ESRD can also cause anemia (low levels of red blood cells), which can explain the decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit. ESRD can be caused by chronic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease, which damage the kidneys over time.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rhabdomyolysis is a condition that occurs when skeletal muscle tissue breaks down rapidly due to injury, infection, drug toxicity, or other causes. The breakdown of muscle releases myoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen in muscle cells, into the bloodstream. Myoglobin can damage the kidneys by clogging the renal tubules and causing acute kidney injury. Rhabdomyolysis can also cause electrolyte imbalances, muscle weakness, and compartment syndrome.
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