What is a common drug therapy option for managing osteoarthritis (O
Biologic Response Modifiers (Biologics, Immunotherapy).
Opiates.
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS).
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs).
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Biologic response modifiers are primarily used for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis due to their ability to target specific components of the immune system. They are not standard for osteoarthritis, as OA is a degenerative joint disease without a significant autoimmune component. These treatments do not address the inflammation or pain related to OA effectively.
Choice B rationale
Opiates are used for severe, short-term pain management but carry risks such as addiction and tolerance. They do not address the underlying inflammation in osteoarthritis. Long-term use is generally avoided for OA as safer options like NSAIDs are more effective for managing chronic symptoms without these risks.
Choice C rationale
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) are more effective for autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis. OA lacks the autoimmune pathology targeted by DMARDs, making them unsuitable for managing OA symptoms like pain or stiffness.
Choice D rationale
NSAIDs are the first-line therapy for OA as they effectively reduce both inflammation and pain associated with the condition. By inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin production, leading to improved joint function and symptom control, making them the most common choice for OA symptom management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Moving the legs independently before turning can strain the spine and disrupt the surgical site. It does not ensure spinal alignment, which is critical after a laminectomy and discectomy to promote healing and prevent complications.
Choice B rationale
Placing a pillow between the legs and turning the body as a unit maintains spinal alignment, reducing stress on the surgical site. This technique, known as logrolling, ensures the spine remains stable during movement.
Choice C rationale
Turning the head and shoulders first, followed by the hips, legs, and feet, can result in twisting of the spine, which could compromise the surgical site and delay healing. It is not recommended.
Choice D rationale
Using side rails for movement requires significant upper body strength and may cause twisting of the spine, which is contraindicated post-spinal surgery. This method poses a risk of disrupting the surgical repair.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Incisions into the renal pelvis for stone removal describe open surgical methods, not ultrasonic lithotripsy. This invasive approach is reserved for cases where less invasive techniques fail or stones are inaccessible through standard methods. Lithotripsy avoids direct incisions, utilizing external energy for stone fragmentation.
Choice B rationale
Kidney incisions for stone removal align with nephrolithotomy procedures rather than ultrasonic lithotripsy. This alternative represents open surgical intervention, distinct from non-invasive lithotripsy technologies. Lithotripsy eliminates stones using sound waves or lasers, reducing surgical risks and recovery times.
Choice C rationale
Ultrasonic lithotripsy employs high-frequency sound waves to break stones into small fragments. This minimally invasive method allows natural passage through the urinary tract or facilitates removal via catheterization. It reduces complications compared to invasive surgeries and is highly effective for calculi management.
Choice D rationale
Laser fragmentation techniques differ from ultrasonic lithotripsy, involving concentrated light energy to break stones. While both are minimally invasive, ultrasonic methods utilize sound waves rather than light energy for disintegration. This technical distinction outlines lithotripsy's use of external sound waves for stone management.
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