What is a common drug therapy option for managing osteoarthritis (O
Biologic Response Modifiers (Biologics, Immunotherapy).
Opiates.
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS).
Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs).
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Biologic response modifiers are primarily used for autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis due to their ability to target specific components of the immune system. They are not standard for osteoarthritis, as OA is a degenerative joint disease without a significant autoimmune component. These treatments do not address the inflammation or pain related to OA effectively.
Choice B rationale
Opiates are used for severe, short-term pain management but carry risks such as addiction and tolerance. They do not address the underlying inflammation in osteoarthritis. Long-term use is generally avoided for OA as safer options like NSAIDs are more effective for managing chronic symptoms without these risks.
Choice C rationale
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) are more effective for autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis. OA lacks the autoimmune pathology targeted by DMARDs, making them unsuitable for managing OA symptoms like pain or stiffness.
Choice D rationale
NSAIDs are the first-line therapy for OA as they effectively reduce both inflammation and pain associated with the condition. By inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes, NSAIDs decrease prostaglandin production, leading to improved joint function and symptom control, making them the most common choice for OA symptom management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Chewing gum can increase salivary production, and while saliva may neutralize some stomach acid, the act of chewing can stimulate swallowing and possibly exacerbate symptoms by introducing excess air into the stomach. For GERD patients, avoiding gum may help reduce bloating and gas discomfort.
Choice B rationale
Elevating the head of the bed reduces the likelihood of acid reflux during sleep by using gravity to prevent stomach contents from flowing backward into the esophagus. This strategy aligns with GERD management guidelines and reduces nighttime symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Taking antacids between meals and at bedtime helps neutralize stomach acid temporarily, providing short-term relief of GERD symptoms. While effective, long-term use without addressing dietary and lifestyle factors is not ideal for managing GERD.
Choice D rationale
Eating small meals is beneficial for GERD, as it prevents overdistension of the stomach, but having a bedtime snack contradicts GERD management principles. Late-night eating may increase the risk of acid reflux when lying down, thus requiring more teaching.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Blood pressure of 85/55 indicates hypotension, which can compromise perfusion to vital organs such as the brain and kidneys. Immediate assessment is necessary to determine the underlying cause, such as dehydration or internal bleeding.
Choice B rationale
Hemoglobin level of 7 g/dL is critically low, falling below the normal range of 12–16 g/dL for women or 13–18 g/dL for men. This reflects severe anemia, which may require urgent intervention, including blood transfusion or addressing the cause of anemia.
Choice C rationale
Massive bleeding from the right lower leg is an emergency due to the risk of hypovolemic shock and significant blood loss. Stabilization of the bleeding site and monitoring for signs of systemic impact is required immediately.
Choice D rationale
A temperature of 96.5°F (35.8°C) may signal mild hypothermia or a systemic condition. While it requires follow-up, it is not as immediately life-threatening as the other findings and therefore does not warrant immediate prioritization.
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