What is an effective relief measure for a laboring client experiencing back labor and complaining of intense pain in her lower back?
Effleurage.
Pant-blow (breaths and puffs) breathing techniques.
Counterpressure against the sacrum.
Conscious relaxation or guided imagery.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Effleurage is a gentle massage technique often used in labor to promote relaxation and reduce discomfort. It involves using light, stroking movements over the abdomen or back. While effleurage can be soothing for some women, it may not be as effective for specifically addressing the intense back pain associated with back labor. It is more focused on general relaxation than on targeted pain relief in the sacral region.
Choice B rationale:
Pant-blow (breaths and puffs) breathing techniques are commonly taught in childbirth classes as a way to manage labor pain. They involve using specific patterns of breathing to help control contractions and minimize discomfort. While these techniques can be helpful for some women, they may not be as effective for back labor pain as they are primarily focused on managing the sensations of contractions in the abdomen and uterus. They don't directly address the sacral pain that characterizes back labor.
Choice C rationale:
Counterpressure against the sacrum is a specific technique that can be very effective for relieving back labor pain. It involves applying firm, steady pressure to the lower back, specifically the sacral area, using the hands, a fist, or a tennis ball. This pressure can help to counteract the intense sensations of pain and pressure in the lower back, providing significant relief. The mechanism behind this relief is likely related to:
Gate-control theory: Counterpressure may stimulate other nerve pathways, which can block or reduce pain signals from reaching the brain.
Counteracting pressure: The pressure applied to the sacrum may help to counteract the internal pressure of the baby's head against the sacrum, which can be a major source of back labor pain.
Muscle relaxation: Firm pressure can help to relax tense muscles in the lower back, which can contribute to pain.
Choice D rationale:
Conscious relaxation or guided imagery are techniques that can promote overall relaxation and reduce anxiety during labor. They involve using mental exercises to focus the mind on calming images or sensations. While these techniques can be helpful for some women, they may not be as effective for specifically targeting back labor pain as they are more general relaxation methods that don't directly address the sacral pain.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is C. Only one copy of the variant gene is needed for expression of the disease.
Choice A rationale:
Huntington's disease (HD) is not typically diagnosed in childhood. While symptoms can sometimes manifest in adolescence or early adulthood, the average age of onset is between 30 and 50 years old.
Early-onset HD, which occurs before the age of 20, is much rarer and accounts for only about 5-10% of cases.
It's crucial to convey accurate information about the typical age of onset to avoid unnecessary anxiety and unwarranted testing in children.
Choice B rationale:
The statement "If you are a carrier, there is a 25% chance your child will inherit the gene" is not entirely accurate for autosomal dominant disorders like HD.
If a parent has HD, each child has a 50% chance of inheriting the mutated gene, not 25%. This is because the parent with HD has one mutated copy of the gene and one normal copy.
During conception, each child randomly receives one copy of the gene from each parent. Therefore, there's a 50% chance the child will receive the mutated copy and a 50% chance they'll receive the normal copy.
Choice D rationale:
Referral to a genetic counselor is essential for all individuals with a family history of HD, regardless of their carrier status.
Genetic counselors can provide comprehensive information about HD, including: Inheritance patterns
Risk assessment
Testing options
Reproductive options
Support resources
Psychosocial counseling
They can assist individuals in making informed decisions about testing, family planning, and management of the condition.
Choice C is the correct answer because:
HD is indeed an autosomal dominant disorder, meaning that only one copy of the mutated gene is needed for an individual to develop the disease.
This contrasts with autosomal recessive disorders, which require two copies of the mutated gene (one from each parent) for the disease to manifest.
Understanding the pattern of inheritance is crucial for accurate risk assessment and genetic counseling.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Incorrect. The Human Genome Project revealed that humans have approximately 20,000-25,000 genes, not 1,000. This finding significantly expanded our understanding of the complexity of the human genome.
Choice B rationale:
Incorrect. The concept of one gene producing three proteins is not a discovery from the Human Genome Project. While some genes can produce multiple protein isoforms through alternative splicing, this is not a universal feature of human genes.
Choice C rationale:
Correct. This is a major finding from the Human Genome Project. It highlights that despite our apparent differences, humans share a remarkably high degree of genetic similarity. This finding has implications for understanding human evolution, disease susceptibility, and pharmacogenomics.
Key points:
The vast majority of our DNA is shared among all humans.
The small percentage of genetic variation accounts for individual differences and diversity.
This finding challenges previous notions of race and ethnicity based on genetic differences.
It emphasizes the common origins and shared heritage of all humans.
Choice D rationale:
Incorrect. While single gene testing has become more common for certain genetic disorders, it is unlikely to become a standardized test for all patients in the future. This is due to the complexity of human genetics and the diverse factors that contribute to health and disease.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.