What is glucose reading like with the Dawn Phenomenon?
One triggers insulin resistance and the release of glucose from the liver.
One is caused by the release of certain hormones.
Occurs between 4 a.m. and 9 a.m with hyperglycemia.
One is characterized by hyperglycemia that is not triggered by overnight hypoglycemia.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This statement is partially correct but does not fully address the question about glucose readings. The Dawn Phenomenon involves an increase in blood glucose levels in the early morning due to the release of counter-regulatory hormones (like cortisol and growth hormone) that increase insulin resistance and stimulate glucose release from the liver.
Choice B reason: This statement is true but incomplete. The Dawn Phenomenon is indeed caused by the release of certain hormones, but this option does not specify the timing or the glucose readings.
Choice C reason: While the hyperglycemia associated with the Dawn Phenomenon does typically occur between 4 a.m. and 9 a.m., this option does not fully describe the nature of the glucose readings. It is more important to note that the hyperglycemia is not due to overnight hypoglycemia.
Choice D reason: This statement accurately describes the Dawn Phenomenon. It is characterized by morning hyperglycemia that is not caused by overnight hypoglycemia. Instead, it is due to the body's natural release of counter-regulatory hormones, which increase blood glucose levels during the early morning hours.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Polydipsia refers to excessive thirst, polyuria refers to frequent urination, polyphagia refers to increased hunger, weight loss often occurs despite an increased appetite, and fatigue is a common symptom due to the body's inability to properly use glucose for energy. These symptoms are classic early signs of type 1 diabetes and occur because the body cannot produce enough insulin to regulate blood sugar levels.
Choice B reason: While weakness, vomiting, hypotension, and mental confusion can be symptoms associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (a serious complication of diabetes), they are not typically the earliest signs of type 1 diabetes. These symptoms may develop later if diabetes is not managed properly.
Choice C reason: Recurrent infections, visual changes, and paresthesia can occur in individuals with diabetes, but they are more common in long-standing diabetes and are not the earliest signs. These symptoms result from chronic high blood sugar levels affecting various body systems.
Choice D reason: Vomiting, abdominal pain, sweet, fruity breath, dehydration, and Kussmaul breathing are symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a severe and life-threatening complication of diabetes. While these symptoms can occur in individuals with type 1 diabetes, they are not the initial signs but rather indicators of an advanced and poorly controlled condition.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: While high blood glucose levels are a key feature of diabetes and contribute to complications, it is the role of diabetes in promoting atherosclerosis that is more directly responsible for the high rate of macrovascular complications. High glucose levels can damage blood vessels and lead to the development of atherosclerosis, but the process is more complex and involves additional factors.
Choice B reason: Diabetes significantly contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, which is the buildup of plaques in the arteries. This can lead to macrovascular complications such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Chronic hyperglycemia, along with associated lipid abnormalities and inflammation, accelerates the atherosclerotic process in individuals with diabetes.
Choice C reason: The role of platelets in the blood is not a primary factor in the macrovascular complications of diabetes. While platelet function can be altered in diabetes and contribute to clot formation, the central issue in macrovascular complications is the development of atherosclerosis.
Choice D reason: Increased white blood cell (WBC) count can be a sign of inflammation or infection, but it is not a primary cause of macrovascular complications in diabetes. The focus is more on the chronic inflammatory state and the development of atherosclerosis as major contributors to macrovascular disease in diabetes.
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