What is the consequence of low cerebral perfusion pressure?

Ischemia and neuronal death

Improved cognitive function

Increased blood flow to the brain

undetectable intracranial glucose levels

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Ischemia and neuronal death – Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is the pressure needed to ensure adequate blood flow to the brain. If CPP drops too low, the brain doesn't receive enough oxygen and glucose, leading to ischemia and eventually neuronal death.
B. Improved cognitive function – Low CPP results in decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery, which impairs cognitive and neurological function.
C. Increased blood flow to the brain – Low CPP means reduced blood flow, not increased.
D. Undetectable intracranial glucose levels – While glucose delivery may decrease, levels are not necessarily undetectable and this is not the primary concern with low CPP.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Jugular distention is more commonly associated with right-sided heart failure.
B. Dependent edema is typically seen in right-sided heart failure due to systemic venous congestion.
C. Nocturnal polyuria can occur in heart failure but is less specific.
D. Frothy sputum is a classic sign of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion and edema caused by impaired left ventricular function.

A. Arms flexed at the elbows, with the hands and wrists bent toward the chest B. Grimacing in pain when the neck is flexed, causing the legs to bend at the knee C. The nurse is unable to extend the leg when the hip is flexed without causing the patient to grimace in pain D. Arms extended, rigidly held straight out with palms of the hands turned away from the body

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Decorticate posturing is characterized by arms flexed at the elbows with wrists and fingers bent inward toward the chest, indicating damage to the cerebral hemispheres or corticospinal tract.
B. Grimacing and leg movement with neck flexion describe a positive Brudzinski’s sign, related to meningeal irritation, not posturing.
C. Inability to extend the leg with hip flexion causing pain describes a positive Kernig’s sign, also related to meningeal irritation.
D. Arms extended and rigid with palms turned outward describe decerebrate posturing, indicating more severe brainstem injury.

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What is the consequence of low cerebral perfusion pressure?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

An acute care nurse receives a shift report for a client who has increased intracranial pressure. The nurse is told that the client demonstrates decorticate posturing. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe when assessing the client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which of the following is a common symptom of meningitis?

A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A patient presents with dilated pupils and vomiting. Which stage of intracranial pressure is this most likely indicative of?

A nurse is planning to administer digoxin to a client who has heart failure. Which of the following laboratory results is the priority for the nurse review prior to administering the medication?

According to the Monroe-Kellie doctrine, which of the following statements is true regarding the three essential components of the skull (brain tissue, blood, and CSF)?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the consequences of brainstem compression?

A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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