What is the most common gastrointestinal complaint made to a health care provider?
Fecal impaction
Diarrhea
Constipation
Hemorrhoids
None of the above
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Fecal impaction is not the most common gastrointestinal complaint, as it is a condition that occurs when hardened stool accumulates in the rectum and cannot be expelled. Fecal impaction may cause abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and loss of appetite. Fecal impaction is more common in older adults, people with low-fiber diets, or people who take certain medications, such as opioids or anticholinergics.
Choice B reason: Diarrhea is the most common gastrointestinal complaint, as it is a condition that occurs when the stool is loose, watery, and frequent. Diarrhea may cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and malabsorption. Diarrhea can be caused by various factors, such as infections, food intolerance, medications, or irritable bowel syndrome.
Choice C reason: Constipation is not the most common gastrointestinal complaint, as it is a condition that occurs when the stool is hard, dry, and infrequent. Constipation may cause straining, pain, bleeding, and hemorrhoids. Constipation can be caused by various factors, such as lack of fluids, fiber, or exercise, or certain medications, such as antacids or iron supplements.
Choice D reason: Hemorrhoids are not the most common gastrointestinal complaint, as they are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus that may cause itching, pain, or bleeding. Hemorrhoids can be caused by various factors, such as constipation, straining, pregnancy, or aging.
Choice E reason: None of the above is not the correct answer, as there is one choice that is the most common gastrointestinal complaint.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Isolated systolic hypertension is not a result of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension, but rather a risk factor for it. Isolated systolic hypertension is a condition where the systolic blood pressure is elevated (>140 mmHg) while the diastolic blood pressure is normal (<90 mmHg). It is common in older adults due to the stiffening of the arteries, and can increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.
Choice B reason: Atrial fibrillation is a result of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension. Atrial fibrillation is an irregular and often rapid heart rate that can cause poor blood flow and increase the risk of stroke and heart failure. Chronic hypertension can damage the heart muscle and the electrical system of the heart, leading to atrial fibrillation.
Choice C reason: Renal insufficiency is a result of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension. Renal insufficiency is a condition where the kidneys are unable to filter waste and fluid from the blood adequately. Chronic hypertension can damage the blood vessels and the nephrons of the kidneys, leading to renal insufficiency.
Choice D reason: Stroke is a result of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension. Stroke is a sudden interruption of blood supply to the brain, causing brain cell death and neurological deficits. Chronic hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the brain, making them prone to rupture (hemorrhagic stroke) or blockage (ischemic stroke).
Choice E reason: Cardiac disease is a result of end-organ damage from chronic hypertension. Cardiac disease is a broad term that encompasses various disorders of the heart, such as coronary artery disease, heart attack, heart failure, and cardiomyopathy. Chronic hypertension can damage the heart by increasing the workload and the oxygen demand of the heart, causing the heart to enlarge and weaken over time.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Histoplasmosis is a fungal infection that affects the lungs, but it is not a chronic condition and does not cause airflow obstruction. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.
Choice B reason: Bacterial pneumonia is a bacterial infection that causes inflammation and fluid accumulation in the lungs, but it is not a chronic condition and does not cause permanent damage to the airways. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.
Choice C reason: Bronchial asthma is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in difficulty breathing, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. It is one of the main conditions that make up COPD, along with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Choice D reason: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that causes tuberculosis, a serious disease that affects the lungs and other organs. It is not a chronic condition and does not cause airflow obstruction. It is not included in the diagnosis of COPD.
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