What is the purpose of a renal biopsy?

Choice a reason: The patient uses clean technique when instilling the dialysate is incorrect and requires additional teaching. Peritoneal dialysis requires sterile technique to prevent infection. Using a clean technique, which is less rigorous than sterile technique, increases the risk of introducing pathogens into the peritoneal cavity. Proper sterile technique involves meticulous hand hygiene, using sterile gloves, and ensuring all equipment and supplies are sterile.
Choice b reason: The patient performs exchanges on a table with a sterile drape is appropriate. Using a sterile drape helps maintain a sterile field and reduces the risk of contamination during the dialysis procedure. This practice is an important part of sterile technique and helps ensure the patient's safety.
Choice c reason: The patient verbally expresses symptoms to report to the HCP is a positive behavior. Being aware of and communicating symptoms that may indicate complications, such as signs of infection or peritonitis, is crucial for timely intervention and management. This practice shows the patient is knowledgeable about monitoring their health and knowing when to seek professional help.
Choice d reason: The patient washes their hands before beginning is an essential step in both clean and sterile techniques. Proper hand hygiene is critical in preventing the spread of infection and is a fundamental practice in peritoneal dialysis. Washing hands thoroughly before starting the procedure helps minimize the risk of contamination.

Choice a reason: Frequent urination is a common sign and symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs cause inflammation and irritation in the urinary tract, leading to an increased urge to urinate frequently. Patients with UTIs often experience this symptom along with a burning sensation during urination and an urgent need to urinate, even if little urine is produced. This symptom is a direct result of the infection affecting the bladder and urethra.
Choice b reason: Joint stiffness is not associated with urinary tract infections. Joint stiffness is typically a symptom of musculoskeletal or rheumatologic conditions such as arthritis or injury. While it can be uncomfortable, it is unrelated to the urinary system and does not indicate the presence of a UTI.
Choice c reason: Chest pain is not a symptom of urinary tract infections. Chest pain can be a sign of cardiovascular issues, respiratory conditions, or musculoskeletal problems. It is important to assess chest pain seriously, but it is not related to UTIs, which primarily affect the urinary tract.
Choice d reason: Fever can be a symptom of a more severe urinary tract infection, particularly if it has spread to the kidneys (pyelonephritis). However, fever alone is not the most common symptom of a UTI. It usually occurs along with other symptoms such as frequent urination, pain, and discomfort. Fever indicates the body's systemic response to the infection, suggesting that the infection may be more widespread.