What person is in the prodromal stage of influenza infection?
A person who was previously ill and is now feeling better
A person who has a cough, stuffy nose, and chest pain
A person who was exposed to influenza with no symptoms
A person who has fatigue, soreness, and a headache
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: A person recovering from influenza is in the convalescent stage, not the prodromal stage, which occurs before full symptoms. Recovery indicates resolution of infection, not early nonspecific symptoms, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Cough, stuffy nose, and chest pain indicate the acute stage of influenza, with full-blown respiratory symptoms. The prodromal stage involves nonspecific symptoms before respiratory manifestations, making this choice incorrect for the prodromal phase.
Choice C reason: A person exposed to influenza with no symptoms is in the incubation period, not the prodromal stage. The prodromal stage involves early, nonspecific symptoms, not asymptomatic infection, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: The prodromal stage of influenza involves early, nonspecific symptoms like fatigue, soreness, and headache before respiratory symptoms develop. These reflect the body’s initial response to viral replication, making this the correct choice for the prodromal stage.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Vasodilation in acute inflammation, triggered by mediators like histamine, increases blood flow to the affected area, delivering more oxygenated blood. This causes erythema (redness), a hallmark of inflammation, as hemoglobin concentration rises in tissues, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Loss of function in inflammation results from tissue damage or swelling impairing normal activity, not directly from vasodilation. Vasodilation contributes to redness and warmth, not functional loss, making this choice incorrect for vasodilation’s effect.
Choice C reason: Pain in inflammation is caused by mediators like bradykinin and prostaglandins sensitizing nociceptors, not directly by vasodilation. While vasodilation supports inflammation, it does not directly cause pain, making this choice incorrect for the manifestation.
Choice D reason: Swelling (edema) in inflammation results from increased capillary permeability, allowing fluid leakage into tissues. Vasodilation increases blood flow but does not directly cause fluid extravasation, making this choice incorrect for vasodilation’s specific effect.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Air trapping in COPD, due to alveolar destruction and loss of elasticity, causes lung overinflation, increasing the anteroposterior chest diameter, resulting in a barrel chest. This is a direct consequence, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Cyanosis occurs in COPD from hypoxia due to impaired gas exchange, not directly from air trapping. While common in advanced disease, it is not the primary manifestation of overinflation, making this incorrect.
Choice C reason: Clubbed fingers result from chronic hypoxia in COPD, not directly from air trapping. They develop over time due to tissue remodeling, not lung overinflation, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Lack of appetite is a systemic symptom in advanced COPD due to energy expenditure or hypoxia, not a direct result of air trapping or lung overinflation, making this choice incorrect.
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