How does acidosis affect potassium levels in the body?
Acidosis causes hyperkalemia by enhancing the gastrointestinal absorption of potassium.
Acidosis causes hypokalemia by increasing the kidneys' excretion of excess potassium.
Acidosis causes hyperkalemia by hydrogen ions displacing potassium from the cells.
Acidosis causes hypokalemia by promoting potassium uptake by the body's cells.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Acidosis does not enhance gastrointestinal potassium absorption. Hyperkalemia in acidosis results from cellular shifts, not increased absorption, as hydrogen ions affect potassium movement, making this choice incorrect.
Choice B reason: Acidosis does not increase renal potassium excretion; it causes hyperkalemia by shifting potassium out of cells. Hypokalemia may occur in alkalosis, not acidosis, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Acidosis causes hyperkalemia as excess hydrogen ions enter cells to buffer pH, displacing potassium into the bloodstream. This cellular shift elevates serum potassium, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Acidosis promotes potassium release from cells, not uptake, causing hyperkalemia. Hypokalemia occurs in alkalosis, where potassium enters cells, making this choice incorrect for acidosis effects.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Taking showers instead of baths reduces urinary tract infection risk by avoiding prolonged exposure to bacteria in bathwater. Showers minimize contamination of the urethral area, making this choice incorrect for increasing UTI risk.
Choice B reason: Drinking 8 cups of liquid daily promotes urine production, flushing bacteria from the urinary tract, reducing infection risk. Adequate hydration supports urinary system health, making this choice incorrect for increasing UTI risk.
Choice C reason: Wiping from back to front introduces fecal bacteria, like E. coli, to the urethra, increasing the risk of urinary tract infections. This improper hygiene practice facilitates bacterial entry, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Emptying the bladder regularly and completely prevents urine stasis, which reduces bacterial growth and infection risk. Regular voiding flushes pathogens from the urethra, making this choice incorrect for increasing UTI risk.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Addison’s disease causes adrenal insufficiency, reducing aldosterone, leading to sodium loss and decreased blood volume, causing hypotension. This is a hallmark symptom due to impaired vascular tone, making this the correct choice.
Choice B reason: Hyperglycemia is not typical in Addison’s disease. Cortisol deficiency may cause hypoglycemia due to reduced gluconeogenesis, not elevated glucose, making this choice incorrect for Addison’s manifestations.
Choice C reason: Weight gain is not associated with Addison’s disease, which causes weight loss due to reduced cortisol, leading to decreased appetite and metabolism. This makes the choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Hypernatremia does not occur in Addison’s disease. Aldosterone deficiency causes sodium loss, leading to hyponatremia, not elevated sodium, making this choice incorrect for Addison’s disease.
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