A person fell from a high area and landed on their feet, resulting in a spinal cord injury. Which type of spinal cord injury did the person sustain?

Choice A reason: Abnormal tau proteins contribute to Alzheimer’s, forming neurofibrillary tangles, but damage is not limited to the frontal lobe. The hippocampus and other regions are primarily affected, leading to memory loss. This choice is too specific and incomplete, making it incorrect.

Choice B reason: Damaged blood vessels interrupting brain blood flow describe vascular dementia, not Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s involves neuronal degeneration from protein accumulation, not primarily vascular pathology, although vascular factors may contribute, making this choice incorrect for Alzheimer’s pathophysiology.

Choice C reason: Repeated traumatic brain injuries cause chronic traumatic encephalopathy, not Alzheimer’s. While trauma may increase Alzheimer’s risk, the primary pathology involves amyloid and tau proteins, not trauma-induced encephalopathy, making this choice incorrect for the disease’s core pathophysiology.

Choice D reason: Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by amyloid-beta plaques and tau protein tangles, which disrupt neuronal function, particularly in the hippocampus, leading to memory impairment. These protein aggregates cause synaptic loss and neurodegeneration, accurately describing the disease’s pathophysiology, making this the correct choice.

Choice A reason: Stabilizing the wrist with an elastic wrap supports the injured ligaments, reducing movement and further damage. It promotes healing by maintaining alignment, making this a correct action for acute wrist sprain management.

Choice B reason: Applying a warm pack increases blood flow, which may worsen swelling in an acute sprain. Cold therapy is recommended to reduce inflammation and pain, making this choice incorrect for acute sprain management.

Choice C reason: Elevating the wrist above the heart reduces swelling by decreasing hydrostatic pressure, allowing fluid to drain from the injury site. This minimizes edema, making this a correct action for acute wrist sprain.

Choice D reason: Frequent massage may aggravate an acute sprain by increasing inflammation and pain. Rest and immobilization are preferred to promote healing, making this choice incorrect for acute wrist sprain management.

Choice E reason: Resting the wrist prevents further injury to damaged ligaments, allowing healing and reducing inflammation. Avoiding strain is critical in acute sprains, making this a correct action for wrist sprain recovery.