What prevents a plant cell from bursting in a hypotonic solution?

Choice A rationale: Movement of water into the blood from the dialysis solution is incorrect because it is not the main goal of dialysis. Dialysis aims to remove excess water and solutes from the blood, not to add more water to it. The dialysis solution is usually isotonic to the blood, which means it has the same osmotic pressure and does not cause water movement.

Choice B rationale: Simple diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane is correct because it is the process of dialysis. Dialysis is the separation of small molecules from large molecules by using a membrane that allows only the small molecules to pass through. The dialysis membrane is semi-permeable, which means it is selective in what it allows to cross. The dialysis solution contains a lower concentration of wastes than the blood, which creates a concentration gradient that drives the diffusion of wastes from the blood to the solution.

Choice C rationale: Active transport across a semi-permeable membrane is incorrect because it is not involved in dialysis. Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient, which requires energy and transport proteins. Active transport is not necessary for dialysis, since the concentration gradient is favorable for diffusion.

Choice D rationale: Active transport of glucose from the blood to the dialysis solution is incorrect because it is not beneficial for dialysis. Glucose is a vital nutrient for the body, and it should not be removed from the blood. The dialysis solution usually contains glucose to prevent its loss from the blood by diffusion.

Choice E rationale: Facilitated diffusion across a semi-permeable membrane is incorrect because it is not relevant for dialysis. Facilitated diffusion is the passive movement of molecules across a membrane with the help of transport proteins. Facilitated diffusion is not needed for dialysis, since the wastes are small enough to cross the membrane by simple diffusion.

Choice A rationale: Cell membranes pressed tightly against the cell walls is correct because this is what happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. A hypotonic solution has a higher concentration of water than the cell, so water moves into the cell and out of the solution by osmosis, causing the cell to swell and press against the cell wall. This is called turgor and it helps the cell maintain its shape and rigidity.

Choice B rationale: Many of the cells had burst is incorrect because plant cells do not burst in a hypotonic solution, unlike animal cells. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall that prevents them from bursting, even when they are full of water. The cell wall can withstand the pressure of water entering the cell.

Choice C rationale: Full central vacuoles is correct because this is also what happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. The central vacuole is a large organelle that stores water and other substances in the plant cell. When water enters the cell, the central vacuole expands and fills up the cell, increasing its turgor pressure.

Choice D rationale: Many of the cells had become crenated is incorrect because crenation is the opposite of what happens in a hypotonic solution. Crenation is the process by which a cell shrinks and becomes wrinkled due to water loss in a hypertonic solution. A hypertonic solution has a lower concentration of water than the cell, so water moves out of the cell and into the solution by osmosis, causing the cell to shrink.