What type of evidence utilizes original research studies, consisting of either quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods?

Choice A reason: Vision is crucial for effective leadership as it provides a clear direction and purpose. A leader with a strong vision can inspire and motivate their team, set long-term goals, and guide the organization towards achieving its objectives. It is the foundation upon which strategies are built and decisions are made.

Choice B reason: Decision-making is an important skill for leaders, but it is not the defining attribute of leadership. Effective decision-making relies on having a clear vision to determine the best course of action.

Choice C reason: Social power can influence others, but it is not the essential attribute of leadership. Leadership is more about guiding and inspiring others towards a common goal rather than wielding power over them.

Choice D reason: Communication is a vital skill for leaders to convey their vision and decisions effectively. However, without a vision to communicate, the messages may lack direction and purpose.

Choice A reason: Referent power is based on the personal qualities of the leader, such as charisma or likability, rather than their formal position. Followers are drawn to these leaders because they identify with or want to emulate them, not because of their official role.

Choice B reason: Expert power comes from the leader's knowledge and skills. Followers respect and follow these leaders because they are seen as authorities in their field and can provide valuable insights and guidance.

Choice C reason: Legitimate power is the correct answer because it is derived from the formal position or title held by the leader. Followers recognize the authority of these leaders because of their role within the organization or hierarchy.

Choice D reason: Reward power is based on the leader's ability to give rewards. Followers comply with these leaders because they control resources or benefits that the followers desire.