The urine is most likely to be hypotonic when the
body's water volume is high
body's pH is low
output of antidiuretic hormone is high
output of natriuretic peptides is high
person is lost and deprived of drinking water
The Correct Answer is A
A. Body’s water volume is high: When well-hydrated, ADH secretion is low, resulting in dilute (hypotonic) urine as the kidneys excrete excess water.
B. Body’s pH is low: This would affect acid-base balance, not urine tonicity directly.
C. Output of antidiuretic hormone is high: High ADH increases water reabsorption, leading to concentrated (hypertonic) urine.
D. Output of natriuretic peptides is high: These promote Na⁺ and water loss, but hypotonic urine isn't guaranteed.
E. Person is lost and deprived of drinking water: In dehydration, ADH increases, and urine becomes concentrated, not hypotonic.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Cooling of the mouth: This causes temporary inhibition of thirst but does not last long-term.
B. Distension of the stomach by ingested water: Stomach distension contributes to short-term thirst relief.
C. A drop in blood osmolarity: This indicates proper hydration and is the main signal for the hypothalamus to turn off the thirst mechanism.
D. Moistening of the mouth: Like cooling, moistening the mouth only provides short-term relief from thirst.
E. Increased salivation: Increased salivation can be a result of hydration but does not directly regulate thirst.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Lipid absorption: Absorption occurs in the small intestine after fats have been digested into smaller molecules. Bile salts do not absorb lipids directly.
B. Lipid emulsification: Bile salts break large fat globules into smaller droplets in a process called emulsification, which increases the surface area for digestive enzymes like lipase to act.
C. Lipid ingestion: Ingestion refers to eating, not the chemical processing of fats.
D. Lipid digestion: Digestion is primarily performed by lipase, not bile salts. Bile salts prepare fats for digestion.
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